农户乡村旅游从业角色选择意愿及其影响因素分析

doi:10.12342/zgstly.20220072

中国生态旅游 ›› 2022, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (3): 519-530.doi: 10.12342/zgstly.20220072

农户乡村旅游从业角色选择意愿及其影响因素分析

张娟¹(), 赵璐燕¹, 杨雪春²^,³^,^*(), 姚旻⁴, 何琼峰⁵

1.河南理工大学工商学院能源经济研究中心,焦作 454000
2.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
3.首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京 100048
4.贵州财经大学欠发达地区经济发展研究中心,贵阳 550025
5.中国旅游研究院,北京 100005

收稿日期:2022-04-15 修回日期:2022-06-20 出版日期:2022-06-28 发布日期:2022-08-26
通讯作者: *杨雪春（1984-）,女,博士,研究方向为乡村发展与旅游规划。E-mail: yxc185@yeah.net
*杨雪春（1984-）,女,博士,研究方向为乡村发展与旅游规划。E-mail: yxc185@yeah.net
作者简介:张娟（1979-）,女,副教授,博士,研究方向为乡村地理、旅游发展。E-mail: zhangjuan@hpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
贵州省教育厅人文社科基地基金项目(2019jd028);国家自然科学基金(41801176);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(17YJCZH244);河南理工大学人文社会科学基金(SKJYB2016-4);河南理工大学博士基金(SKND2018-04)

Research on farmers’ willingness of role selecting in participatingrural tourism and its influencing factors

Zhang Juan¹(), Zhao Luyan¹, Yang Xuechun²^,³^,^*(), Yao Min⁴, He Qiongfeng⁵

1. Research Center of Energy Economy, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing 100101, China
3. College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
4. Economic Development Research Center of Underdeveloped Area, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
5. China Tourism Academy, Beijing 100005, China

Received:2022-04-15 Revised:2022-06-20 Published:2022-06-28 Online:2022-08-26

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

农户参与乡村旅游经营活动的意愿及从业角色选择是农户基于利益最大化做出的理性经济决策行为,了解脱贫地区农户的乡村旅游从业角色参与意愿及其影响因素,是新时期巩固旅游扶贫成果,促进乡村旅游高质量发展、精准助力乡村振兴分类推进的重要议题。以贵州省茶园村为例,采用二元Logistic回归分析方法,从农户微观视角进行实证分析,发现：（1）81.98%的农户希望参与乡村旅游经营活动,村域旅游资源禀赋、旅游能人带动和家庭经济实力是影响农户参与意愿的关键因素。（2）农户从业角色选择意愿强烈程度依次为农家乐经营者（41.75%）>被雇佣者（35.71%）>其他配套产业生产者（20.88%）>经营投资者（4.95%）;（3）各从业角色选择意愿的影响因素差异显著,其中,资源禀赋是农家乐经营和其他配套产业从业角色选择的先决条件;家庭经济实力是农家乐经营和景区投资等经营角色选择的重要驱动力;乡村旅游服务岗位从业选择存在明显的就业路径依赖特性;而能人带动的作用出现分化,一方面对带动农户选择旅游服务就业具有积极作用,另一方面因竞争关系,对农户开展农家乐经营意愿具有一定抑制作用。

关键词: 乡村旅游, 农户参与意愿, 从业角色选择, 影响因素, 乡村振兴

Abstract:

The participation in rural tourism and the choice of practicing roles are rational decisions made by farmers based on the maximization of interests, understanding farmers’ willingness of role selection in rural tourism and the influencing factors is an important issue to consolidate the achievements of tourism poverty alleviation and to promote rural revitalization accurately in the new era. Adopting the binary Logistic regression analysis method, this paper takes Chayuan Village in Guizhou Province as an example, makes an empirical analysis from the farmers’ perspective, and finds that: (1) 81.98% of farmers are willing to participate in rural tourism, and tourism resource endowment, elite leadership and family economic strength are the key factors influencing their participation. (2) The order of practicing roles that farmers are willing to select are the following: agritainment operators (41.75%), employees (35.71%), producers of other supporting industries (20.88%), and scenic investors (4.95%). (3) The influencing factors of the willingness to choose various roles in each sub industry differ significantly. Among them, resource endowment is the prerequisite for the choice of agritainment operators and practicing in other supporting industry; economic strength is an important driving force for the choice of business roles such as agritainment operators and scenic investors; the choice of frontline jobs in rural tourism has obvious employment path dependence; the impact of elites has diverged, it improves employment power of rural tourism, whilst it constraints farmers’ willingness to operate agritainment in nearby areas due to regional competition.

Key words: rural tourism, farmers’ willingness-to-participate, choice of practicing roles, influ- cing factors, rural revitalization

张娟, 赵璐燕, 杨雪春, 姚旻, 何琼峰. 农户乡村旅游从业角色选择意愿及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国生态旅游, 2022, 12(3): 519-530.

Zhang Juan, Zhao Luyan, Yang Xuechun, Yao Min, He Qiongfeng. Research on farmers’ willingness of role selecting in participatingrural tourism and its influencing factors[J]. ECOTOURISM, 2022, 12(3): 519-530.

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	准则层	变量层	变量描述
因变量		是否参与乡村旅游（Y）	1=是,0=否
		是否选择农家乐经营者角色（Y₁）	1=是,0=否
		是否选择旅游被雇佣者角色（Y₂）	1=是,0=否
		是否选择其他配套产业生产者角色（Y₃）	1=是,0=否
		是否选择景区投资者角色（Y₄）	1=是,0=否
自变量	家庭人口及劳动力状况	家庭总人口数（X₁）	家庭总人口数（人）
	家庭人口及劳动力状况	家庭劳动力数量（X₂）	家庭劳动力数量（人）
	家庭经济状况	家庭收入等级（X₃）	1=5 000元以下;2=5 000~10 000元;3=10 000~15 000元;4=15 000~20 000元;5=20 000元及以上
	家庭经济状况	家庭支出等级（X₄）	1=5 000元以下;2=5 000~10 000元;3=10 000~15 000元;4=15 000~20 000元;5=20 000元及以上
	固定资产状况	住房是否为砖混结构（X₅）	1=是,0=否
	固定资产状况	交通工具是否为小汽车（X₆）	1=是,0=否
	基础设施状况	家庭饮用水是否为自来水（X₇）	1=是,0=否
		家庭生活燃料是否为新型能源（X₈）	1=是,0=否
		入户道路是否为水泥路（X₉）	1=是,0=否
	特色资源禀赋	所在村组是否民俗文化资源富集（X₁₀）	1=是,0=否
		所在村组是否种养殖资源富集（X₁₁）	1=是,0=否
		所在村组是否有能人（X₁₂）	1=有,0=没有
	家庭收入来源	是否以农业为主（X₁₃）	1=是,0=否
		是否以养殖业为主（X₁₄）	1=是,0=否
		是否以近域非农业为主（X₁₅）	1=是,0=否
		是否以远域非农业为主（X₁₆）	1=是,0=否

变量	回归参数	标准差	p值	Exp(B)
X₃	0.437^***	0.134	0.001	1.547
X₄	-0.270^**	0.125	0.031	0.763
X₁₀	2.735^***	0.470	0.000	15.407
X₁₁	1.562^***	0.475	0.001	4.769
X₁₂	1.272^***	0.368	0.001	3.568
截距项	-1.737

参与角色	变量	回归系数	标准差	显著性	Exp(B)
农家乐经营者	X₁	0.342^***	0.114	0.003	1.408
	X₅	1.110^**	0.475	0.019	3.036
	X₁₀	2.179^***	0.554	0.000	8.835
	X₁₂	-2.558^***	0.530	0.000	0.077
	截距项	-0.969
旅游被雇佣者	X₂	0.363^*	0.209	0.082	1.438
	X₃	-0.268^**	0.136	0.049	0.765
	X₁₁	-2.567^***	0.606	0.000	0.077
	X₁₂	1.555^***	0.494	0.002	4.737
	X₁₅	0.990^*	0.594	0.095	2.692
	截距项	0.884
其他配套产业生产者	X₂	-0.486^*	0.306	0.062	0.526
	X₃	0.247^**	0.541	0.037	1.610
	X₁₁	2.313^***	0.792	0.000	6.278
	X₁₃	1.341^*	0.695	0.072	4.153
	截距项	-3.259
景区投资者	X₃	1.762^***	0.592	0.003	5.826
	X₉	2.646^**	1.162	0.023	4.103
	截距项	-0.054

农户乡村旅游从业角色选择意愿及其影响因素分析

Research on farmers’ willingness of role selecting in participatingrural tourism and its influencing factors

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