Existing tourism experience research primarily adopts anthropocentric, structuralist, and reductionist perspectives, which often overlook the complex generation process of spatial relationships in tourism experiences under the agency of heterogeneous human and non-human elements. In light of this, this paper introduces a post-structuralist assemblage theory perspective to readdress the ontology, epistemology, and methodology of tourism experiences. The findings reveal that: (1) “tourism experience” can be regarded as a relational assemblage dynamically generated by the active co-action of diverse heterogeneous human and non-human elements in the world of life and tourism. (2) The generation of tourism experience assemblages follows a dynamic relational process logic of “territorialization-de-territorialization” driven by “desire”, and this “assemblage” epistemology of tourism experience provides a new active relational perspective for studies on authenticity and representation. (3) The assemblage methodology must adhere to a principle of “object-human” general symmetry and a genesis perspective, integrating multi-disciplinary methods such as new materialist cartography, material ethnography, and metaphor analysis in psycholinguistics, focusing on analyzing why, when, where, and how diverse heterogeneous elements participate in and influence the complex generation process, relationships, and meanings of tourism experiences, that is, the formation, dissolution, recombination, and reshaping of tourism experience assemblage, as well as the value of assemblage. The assemblage perspective, which takes “objects” and “relations” as ontological orientation, can provide an inclusive and critical inspiration from a post-structuralist perspective for tourism experience theory research and the management practice of “human-land” conflict relationships.

Sports tourism integration is a key approach to promote the coordinated development of the sports and tourism industries, playing a significant role in regional economic growth, the preservation of social and cultural heritage, and meeting the people’s needs for a better quality of life. Based on 690 CNKI-indexed papers (2006-2024) related to sports tourism integration, this study uses ITGInsight software for bibliometric and content analysis to systematically examine the current status, research hotspots, and future trends of sports tourism integration in China. The findings reveal: (1) research on sports tourism integration in China began in 2006 and has progressed through four stages: conceptual exploration, theoretical construction, applied research, and innovative expansion. (2) The research focuses on five key areas: theoretical mechanisms of integration, integration level evaluation, strategic pathways, regional applications, and policy drivers, forming an interdisciplinary theoretical framework centered on industrial integration theory, coupling coordination theory and synergy effect theory.(3) The research trajectory of sports tourism integration in China has evolved from theoretical exploration to diversified development in general, but challenges remain, including insufficient theoretical innovation, limited dynamic data analysis, inadequate adoption of new technologies, and weak research on regional coordination and sustainability. Future research should focus on constructing interdisciplinary theoretical frameworks, advancing dynamic and intelligent analytical methodologies, exploring differentiated development through cross-regional collaboration mechanisms, and strengthening sustainability-oriented systemic applications, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the high-quality development of sports tourism integration.

Rural tourism serves as a critical tool for revitalizing the rural economy and addressing the “three rural” issues. This study explores its practical significance on upgrading rural residents’ consumption structure and the underlying mechanisms, particularly in the context of expanding domestic demand and stimulating rural consumption potential. Utilizing data from the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) conducted in 2015, 2017, and 2019, this research employs the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS), double fixed-effect models, and propensity score matching to empirically examine the impact of rural tourism development on rural residents' consumption patterns. Key findings include: (1) rural tourism significantly promotes overall consumption and consumption structure upgrades among rural residents. (2) The effects of rural tourism on consumption are influenced by individual and household characteristics, with older age, marital status, past hardships, and poor health showing significant negative impacts. (3) Mechanism analysis reveals that rural tourism enhances consumption structure upgrades by increasing income levels and expanding non-agricultural employment opportunities. (4) Heterogeneity tests indicate that the impact of rural tourism is more pronounced in central and western regions compared to eastern regions, reflecting varying regional responses to tourism development. These findings not only elucidate the internal logic of how rural tourism drives consumption upgrades but also provide valuable insights for policy formulation, optimizing the rural consumption environment, and promoting comprehensive rural economic development.

The digital economy has changed the way of developing and utilizing rural resources, providing new opportunities for the integrative development of agriculture and tourism. The article adopts the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2014 to 2020, and uses the coupled coordination degree model and entropy value method to measure the integrative level of agriculture and tourism, and the level of rural digital economy development in each province respectively, and explores the effect and mechanism of rural digital economy empowering the integration of agriculture and tourism through the mediating effect model and spatial Durbin model. The study found that: (1) rural digital economy positively promotes the integrative development of agriculture and tourism, and the effect is more obvious in the eastern and southern regions, regions with high education level, and regions with low abundance of tourism resources. (2) The rural digital economy realizes the precise matching of the development needs of the agriculture and tourism industry and the innovation of business models by promoting the intermediary mechanism of technological innovation, thus increasing the momentum for the integration of agriculture and tourism. (3) In the spatial dimension, the rural digital economy empowers the integrated development of agriculture and tourism, showing a significant positive spatial correlation. The article puts forward policy recommendations from three aspects, namely, accelerating the construction of digital countryside, facilitating the intermediary mechanism of technological innovation, and strengthening regional collaboration, with a view to providing a reference for promoting the deep integrative development of agriculture and tourism and promoting the revitalization of rural industry.

The frequent occurrence of extreme rainfall events due to climate change poses significant challenges for rural areas. Tourism-oriented rural communities are usually located in mountainous regions or near water and face greater natural disaster risks and potential economic losses in the event of extreme rainfall. This paper takes S Village, a tourism-oriented rural community in Mentougou, Beijing, which was seriously affected by the Haihe “23·7” basin-wide extreme flood, as an example, and conducts a case study using qualitative research methods such as questionnaire surveys, semi-structured interviews, and field surveys to explore the response of the tourism-oriented rural community to the extreme rainfall event and its implications. The results show that: (1) S Village prepared for the disaster through disaster prevention and publicity drills before the disaster, completed rescue and relief work and transported materials through effective organization during the disaster, and promoted comprehensive reconstruction and optimized disaster prevention plans after the disaster in line with the needs of tourism transformation and development, forming a more systematic community disaster response model. However, the original flood prevention efforts were inadequate, which is reflected in the insufficient cooperation of the main parties involved in the preliminary flood prevention work, the existence of hidden dangers in the infrastructure, the ineffective protection of tourism resources, as well as the weak awareness of disaster prevention among residents. After the disaster, the residents’ flood prevention knowledge reserve and disaster perception were significantly improved. (2) From the experience of Village S, tourism-oriented rural communities should take measures according to the stage of disaster development, give full play to the disaster response roles of different subjects, promote the collaboration of multiple subjects, ensure the disaster-bearing capacity of infrastructure, and achieve effective response. It is necessary to carry out targeted protection of special tourism resources, focus on the social capital and self-organization base formed in the development of the tourism industry into a collaborative advantage in disaster response, and grasp the reconstruction opportunities after the disaster to enhance community resilience and achieve sustainable development of rural tourism communities and industries. (3) The probability of extreme rainfall events will increase in the future, and it is still necessary to further strengthen the theoretical and empirical research on disaster response in tourism-based villages, so as to provide scientific support for the effective enhancement of their ability to withstand disasters.

Under the background of accelerating the construction of digital villages, the Internet has become an important driving factor for rural entrepreneurship. This study constructs a theoretical model to explore the relationships among internet embeddedness, entrepreneurial learning, entrepreneurial environment, and the entrepreneurial performance of farmers, collects empirical data from 405 rural homestays in the suburbs of Beijing. Path analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling and SmartPLS software. The findings reveal that: (1) Internet embeddedness has a significant positive impact on the entrepreneurial performance of farmers’ homestay business through the three dimensions of connectedness, matching and sense of sacrifice, but the path of impact on entrepreneurial learning is different; the degree of connectedness has a significant positive impact on Farmers’ entrepreneurial experiential learning and practical learning, but has no significant impact on cognitive learning; matching degree has a positive impact on farmers’ entrepreneurs’ cognitive learning and practical learning, but has no significant impact on experiential learning; the sense of sacrifice has a significant positive impact on entrepreneurial learning. (2) Entrepreneurial learning plays a partial mediating role between internet embeddedness and entrepreneurial performance, and empirical learning and practical learning have more significant mediating effects than cognitive learning. (3) External environmental factors have a moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial learning and performance; government support can significantly adjust the relationship between entrepreneurial learning and entrepreneurial performance; financial support only has a significant moderating effect on the relationship between experiential learning and entrepreneurial performance; market environment has a moderating effect on the relationship between experiential learning, practical learning and entrepreneurial performance. The study provides a scientific case for the study of rural industrial development in the digital era, and practical insights for improving rural entrepreneurial ecosystems and promoting the high-quality development of rural tourism.

As an important part of the revitalization and development plan of the old revolutionary areas, tourism development, especially red tourism, is of great significance to the realization of common prosperity in those regions. Based on the five development concepts, this paper constructs an evaluation index system of tourism development level in the old revolutionary area, measures the level of common prosperity from the three dimensions of development, sharing and sustainability, analyzes the spatial characteristics of tourism development and common prosperity based on the county panel data of the old revolutionary areas in Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing and Guizhou from 2012 to 2022, and empirically analyzes the impact of tourism development on common prosperity by using methods such as fixed effect, threshold model and spatial Durbin model. The results show that: (1) county tourism development can significantly increase the level of common wealth, but the impact of tourism development on common wealth shows an obvious non-linear relationship, with the existence of a single threshold effect of “significant increase-slowdown growth”. (2) In terms of spatial effect, the economic benefits generated by tourism development have a significant positive effect on local common prosperity, while negative spatial spillover effect on the development of those neighboring areas. (3) The impact of tourism development on common prosperity is manifested in the dimension of direct effect, with the positive promotion effect on sharing being the largest, and the negative impact on sustainability in the spillover effect is significant. Regionally, the tourism development in Hubei has a significant positive effect on the common prosperity development of the local area and neighboring places, and the positive effect in Guizhou and Hunan areas is weak. However, the tourism development in Chongqing area has a significant negative effect on the common prosperity of the local area and neighboring places.

Red tourism is an experiential learning method that builds red memories and promotes national identity. Based on the theoretical model of tourism learning process, this paper reveals the two paths of “red tourism-positive emotion-reflection-national identity” and “red tourism-negative emotion-reflection-national identity” through three experiments, which improve the mechanism of red tourism in promoting tourists’ sense of national identity. The results show that: (1) Experiment 1 confirms that different types of red tourism can stimulate different emotional responses (H1); (2) Experiment 2 verifies that both positive and negative emotions can positively and significantly affect red tourists’ sense of national identity (H2), and that emotions play a mediating role in this relationship (H3); (3) Experiment 3 introduces reflection as a mediating variable on the basis of the verification of H1 and H2, and verifies the mediating effect of reflection (H4); it also reveals the chain mediating effect of emotion and reflection (H5). The study adds knowledge to the empirical research on red tourism and provides reference for the development and management of red scenic spots.

The evolution of tourist destinations is an important proposition and practical hotspot of tourism geography research. Taking Huangshan City as an example, this paper explores the mechanism of tourism destination evolution in Huangshan City from the perspective of evolutionary economic geography, combining the path-dependence and path-creation effects, and using logistic model and multiple linear regression model. It is found that: (1) the tourism destinations evolution in Huangshan City has experienced four stages: path introduction, path transformation, path promotion and path innovation. (2) Its evolution process presents the characteristics from externally driven to internally driven, point agglomeration to network agglomeration, and from single to composite. (3) The evolution stage is generally influenced by the positive influence of multiple factors such as resource endowment, policy environment, capital conditions, and consumer demand, and the degree of effect varies at different stages. (4) Under the iterative cycle of path dependence and path creation, the tourism destinations in Huangshan City has formed a non-linear and complex adaptive system evolution mechanism through the dynamic adjustment of the relationship between the government and the market, the complex changes in the macro-context, and the synergistic effect of multiple subjects. The theoretical and practical research of this paper can provide some theoretical reference and decision-making reference for the transformation and development of tourism destinations.

In recent years,the imbalance in the regional distribution of tourist flowscaused byover-tourism at tourist attractions has becomeincreasingly worsened. This paper, based on a multi-agent approach, simulates tourist path choices and spatial movements under scenarios with and without social media intervention, and constructs amicrosimulation system for urban tourism flow (TFS) using Chongqing urban district as an example. It explores how social media intervention shapes the distribution of urban tourism flow and its impacton the polarization of tourist areas. The results show that: (1) under the scenario with social media intervention, tourists are more likely to rapidly converge in specific hotspot areas, leading to a polarization trend. (2) The fundamental reason is that social media accelerates the convergence of tourists' perceptions of “must-visit attractions”, resulting in a surge in visitors at popular sites and a sharp decline in the number of tourists at other locations. (3) This polarization is primarily driven by the personalized recommendations and viral effects of social media. The study not only demonstrates the profound influence of social media on tourist decision-making and spatial behavior, but also provides important insights and practical implications for predicting, intervening in, and optimizing the management strategies of regionaltourism flow.

The conventional path of promoting regional cooperation as a leading strategy often fails to meet the developmental needs of cross-border tourist destinations. This study explores the characteristics and development paths of cross-border tourist destinations by examining their developmental and governance background. Based on the theory of path dependence, an evolutionary model is constructed to analyze the risks of development path’s rigidity. Using an empirical analysis of the development models and governance systems of the Maoshan Scenic Area, the study summarizes its evolutionary characteristics and proposes optimization strategies. The findings reveal: (1) the development paths of cross-border tourist destinations are driven by multiple factors, including resource endowments, key events at critical moments, and regional governance models. These destinations exhibit significant path dependence due to limited resource integration, fragmented governance models, and administrative boundary divisions. (2) The evolution of development paths demonstrates clear heterogeneity, shaped jointly by initial conditions and key events at critical moments. While some cross-border tourist destinations achieve positive path locking through resource optimization and governance innovation, others fall into negative path locking due to insufficient resource integration and poor interregional coordination. (3) In terms of evolutionary mechanisms, initial conditions, such as tourism resource endowments, reinforce path dependence through increasing returns to scale, laying the foundation for development. Meanwhile, random events act as external disturbances to promote path adjustments and transformations. Based on these findings, the study proposes three optimization strategies: strengthening top-level design, exploring differentiated development paths, and establishing innovative coordination and management systems. These strategies aim to mitigate homogeneous competition among cross-border tourist destinations and achieve unified planning and benefit-sharing as core objectives.

In the protection and utilization of dietary cultural resources, the implementation of new-era environmental policies is highly prone to conflict with resource perceptions, ownership concepts, and cultural habits inherent in local knowledge systems, potentially triggering collective incidents. This study examines the case of the prohibition of private curing of preserved meat in the urban area of T County, Sichuan Province. Using an expanded policy implementation interaction model and the grounded theory method, it explores the interaction processes among key stakeholders—such as the public, government, and media—during the execution of environmental policies. The findings reveal that: (1) divergence in stakeholders' interest demands is the primary cause of policy implementation blockages, the government seeks to achieve dual objectives through implementing environmental policies: fulfilling administrative tasks and safeguarding public interests, while the public primarily focuses on protecting personal economic benefits, avoiding time and energy costs, mitigating risks of cultural heritage disruption, and addressing governmental administrative errors, and the media acts as an intermediary factor, continuously mediating the relationship between the two parties. (2) Stakeholder interactions manifest two types of ralations, i.e., adversarial and collaborative relations, when governmental errors escalate social conflicts, these tensions negatively impact administrative operations, institutional credibility, cultural preservation, and resource governance, yet after the apologies, tripartite cooperation emerges through accountability realignment, enabling timely containment of public interest losses. (3) Solutions to policy implementation obstruction and mass incidents include theoretical adjustment mechanism and realistic development path, which cover two dimensions of government governance and coordination and public participation and coordination; the former includes the establishment of structural contradiction resolution pathways, two-way information communication mode and policy evaluation mechanism, while the latter includes cultural inheritance and tourism utilization path. This study expands the interaction model, deepens the theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of traditional food culture resources,, and also puts forward systematic suggestions for the government to resolve collective incidents, introduce environmental pollution control policies, and protect and utilize traditional cultural resources.

Forest tourism is an important path to to promote the transformation of regional “green mountains” into “golden mountains”. Based on panel data from 60 key cities in China from 2009 to 2022, the approval of Fuzhou as a national forest tourism demonstration city is designed as a quasi-natural experiment to promote regional forest tourism development, and adopts the synthetic control method and the mediation effect test model to explore the profound impact of forest tourism development on the transformation of regional “green mountains” into “golden mountains”. Research has found that: (1) the construction of a national forest tourism demonstration city in Fuzhou can significantly increase the region’s gross domestic product (GDP) and per capita GDP, indicating that the development of forest tourism can transform the region’s “green mountains” into “invaluable assets”. (2) The effect of forest tourism policy has a one-year policy expectation for promoting the regional transformation of the “two mountains”, and this effect strengthens year by year. (3) Empirical tests have found that forest tourism can promote regional economic growth by the multiplier effect of employment income, upgrading effect of industrial structure, supply chain effect of green tourism and value release effect of ecological service, thereby assisting in the transformation of the regional “green mountains” into “golden mountains”. Accordingly, the article proposes management countermeasures to enhance the impact of forest tourism policies on the regional “two mountains” transformation effect, such as leveraging the leading role of demonstration areas, promoting employment and income generation for residents, facilitating industrial structure upgrading, improving the green tourism supply chain, and driving the release of ecological value.

As a significant demographic group engaged in social media sharing, women have garnered considerable research attention. However, there has been limited exploration into whether and what differences exist in the influencing mechanisms of women's willingness and behavior to share online at different stages of their family life cycle. This study integrates the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Social Exchange Theory (SET) to develop a research model, uses structural equation modeling (SEM) and multi-group analysis (MGA) to test the model using a sample of 628 participants, and further compares the model differences among three groups, namely, single (empty nest stage), married without children (nesting stage), and married with children (full nest stage). The findings reveal that: (1) in terms of non-functional factors, single women value perceived interaction, women that married without children emphasize perceived enjoyment and interaction, while perceived flaunt appeal significantly influences the sharing willingness and behaviors across all groups. (2) Regarding functional factors, single women and women that married without childernfocus on perceived ease of use, while married women with children prioritize perceived usefulness. (3) Online sharing willingness positively influences both sharing behaviors and tourism decision-making in all three groups. This paper contributes to the literature on women’s online sharing behavior, expands the application of family life cycle theory in tourism studies, and provides theoretical insights and empirical support for targeted marketing strategies and personalized services for tourism enterprises and social media platforms.