With the increasing emphasis on ecological environmental protection and sustainable development objectives in the world, the advancement of green tourism not only facilitates the green transformation of the tourism sector but also holds significant implications for fostering harmonious coexistence between human and nature within specific regions. This study undertakes a comprehensive analysis of pertinent research literature on green tourism both domestically and internationally, articulating a definition and elucidating the connotations of green tourism. It synthesizes research themes from various perspectives, including green tourism products, supply chains, industries, destinations, tourist behaviors, as well as certification and policy frameworks related to green tourism. Furthermore, it sorts out the fundamental theories and applied technical methods for green tourism research. The study argues that current research in green tourism exhibits characteristics indicative of interdisciplinary integration; thus necessitating an enhancement in systematic content alongside diversified theoretical approaches in future research. Accordingly, the article puts forward seven research prospects: innovating the theoretical framework for green tourism system, constructing and assessing a green tourism product system, revealing the structure and operational mechanism of the green tourism supply chain along with its evolutionary patterns, exploring the development strategies and paths of the green tourism industry, optimizing the development model of green tourism destinations, clarifying behavioral patterns among eco-conscious tourists alongside strategies for their guidance, and enhancing the green tourism evaluation standards and certification system. This study offers scientific guidance and practical references for fostering both ecological transition within the tourism sector and its high-quality development.

Toponymy is an important cultural tourism resource, not only as spatial symbols but also as cultural symbols, carrying collective memory and local identity. In the context of the deep integration of culture and tourism, the construction, dissemination and experience of toponymic symbols are crucial to the full use of toponymic cultural tourism resources. The paper systematically reviews the relevant results of domestic and foreign research on tourism symbols and toponymic tourism, based on the semiotic perspective, takes the semiotic ternary framework of “representamen-object-interpretant” proposed by Peirce as the theoretical basis and combines it with the characteristics of symbols to explore the relationship among the meaning of toponymic, destinations, and toponymic symbols, and construct the toponymic cultural tourism research framework. Through symbolic derivation, the openness, dynamism and diversity of toponymic meanings in tourism activities are further ensured, and the symbolic meanings of toponyms are continuously enriched. The paper summarizes the main research contents of tourism symbols of toponymic culture from the three dimensions of “representamen”, “object” and “interpretant”: construction of toponymic symbols, dissemination of toponymic symbols, and experience of toponymic symbols. Combined with the closed-loop logic of constructing, disseminating, experiencing and reconstructing toponymic symbols, the future research direction and research significance from the level of tourism destination, tourism media and tourists are elaborated, so as to push forward the practice of tourism symbolization of toponymy, and provide a comprehensive theoretical cognitive framework and analytical system for the future research.

Strengthening tourists’ cultural perception is an important way to strengthen their cultural identity in the process of tourism practice. Based on the perspective of cultural IP decoding, using text mining and grounded theory, the paper identified the multiple dimensions of cultural perception of tourists in the Yangtze River National Cultural Park, constructed a theoretical model of cultural perception affecting cultural identity, and explored the mechanism of cultural perception affecting cultural identity. The results show that: (1) tourists’ cultural perception has multiple representations such as cultural symbol perception, cultural scenes perception, historical relics perception, and service facility perception, which are logically corresponding to the decoding of cultural connotations, cultural values, cultural spirits, and cultural spaces in the process of cultural IP decoding hierarchy, respectively. (2) Tourists’ cultural perception and cultural identity are highly correlated. The explanatory variables for tourist cultural perception can be subdivided into six dimensions: ethnic and folk culture, landscape architecture, cultural atmosphere, scene interaction, historical events, and historical ruins, and the indicators of each dimension have a significant impact on tourist cultural identity. (3) Tourists’ cultural perception is generated through four procedural stages: motivation index, sensory experience, situational integration, and perceptual sublimation. Cultural identity is specifically manifested as value recognition and identity recognition, which is the result of interaction between tourists and culture. The research has supplemented the analytical perspective of cultural perception, deepened the theoretical understanding of the cultural perception identity mechanism, and provided reference for promoting the deep integration of culture and tourism development and strengthening the sense of community of the Chinese nation.

Since the 20th century, art-based construction has become one of the important means of global rural development. The article, based on the BERTopic algorithm and literature analysis, deeply excavates the evolution of Chinese and English research themes on art-based rural construction and looks forward to future research trends. The results show that: (1) both Chinese and English research themes revolve around creativity and tourism based on rural culture and art as a means, with Chinese research mainly focusing on themes such as creative tourism, public art, traditional culture, locality, and subjectivity, while English research mainly focuses on themes such as creative industries, rural commodification, social participation, tourism communities, and sustainability. (2) In recent years, both Chinese and English research have emphasized issues such as the construction of subjectivity in art-based rural construction, exploration of paths and models, evaluation of benefits and impacts, analysis of cultural production mechanisms, and maintenance of cultural sustainability, but English research places more emphasis on empirical research and critical thinking. (3) From the research trend, the mechanism of collaborative participation of multiple stakeholders in art-based rural construction and the transformation of endogenous-driven sustainable development paradigms will be future focuses. Future research on art-based rural construction in China needs to aim at telling good stories of Chinese rural culture, using a research paradigm that combines general narratives with micro-case studies to reveal the dynamic process and mechanism of multi-stakeholder positive interaction, and apply multidisciplinary methods to optimize the assessment system, thereby improving the localization of art-based rural construction research system and providing scientific references for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.

“Special Forces-style Tourism”, as an emerging form of tourism, is favored by specific groups for its extreme challenges, high-intensity experiences, and ultimate tests of physical and mental abilities. Based on embodied cognition theory, the study conducts a grounded theory analysis by collecting online textual data to explore the mental dilemmas and the formation pathways of escape compensation behaviors in “Special Forces-style Tourism”. The results show that: (1) the formation of tourist “Special Forces-style Tourism” behavior is spatially manifested as a process from living space to tourism space to emotional space, in which tourists develop a sense of disequilibrium from their living space, which then trigger their embodied experiential behavior in the tourism space, and ultimately fulfill their emotional needs; (2) The source market group tends to choose “Special Forces-style Tourism” mostly due to the disturbances of mental dilemmas in real life, with the roots of these mental dilemmas being an imbalanced perception jointly caused by regret compensation, approval seeking, relationship deepening, and the feeling between emptiness and fulfillment; (3) In the tourism space, tourists cope with the imbalanced perception in their living space through escape compensation behaviors such as self-exploration, physical embedding, and benign self-mutilation; (4) The perception of pain makes a positive contribution to the “Special Forces-style Tourism” experience, where tourists can obtain pleasure, a sense of achievement, and a sense of fulfillment by safely trying stimulating physical pain, and the essence of this choice tendency is benign self-mutilation. The exploration of the behavioral pathway of “Special Forces-style Tourism” not only enriches the applicability of embodied cognition theory in different tourism situations but also provides customized services and experience design ideas for the tourism industry.

Historical districts are important spaces for urban memory, culture, and consumption. Enhancing tourists’scene perception is a crucial issue for the deep integration of cultural and tourism development in historical districts. This study is based on the scene theory and uses three historical districts in Macau, China, as examples. We utilize online review text data and Points of Interest (POI) data from Baidu Maps. Through word frequency analysis, semantic network analysis, axial coding, kernel density estimation, amenity scoring, and scene measurement calculations, we explore the impact of cultural scene amenities on tourist perception. The study finds that: (1) tourists’scene perception in historic districts mainly includes eight elements, including historical sites, architectural style, local characteristics, art exhibitions, activities, spatial atmosphere, leisure consumption, and culinary experiences. These elements can be categorized into three main types of cultural scene amenities: heritage buildings, cultural displays, and consumption experiences. (2) Heritage buildings form the foundation of tourists’scene perception, while consumption experiences and cultural displays have a more significant impact on tourists’perception. (3) Tourists’subjective perception is positively influenced by the density of amenities in the objective scene, but it is also affected by the complex relationship between amenity types and spatial distribution. While high-density amenities typically enhance perception, low-density distribution does not necessarily lead to reduced attention. (4) The three types of amenities are closely related to the dimensions of “authenticity” “theatricality” and “legitimacy” with a one-to-one manner. Deficiencies in the expression of the dimensions can diminish the subjective perception of tourists and the overall appeal of the cultural scene. The study enriches the application of the scene theory with case examples and provides valuable insights for the sustainable protection and development of historical districts.

In recent years, with the help of short video platforms and social media, internet celebrity places have become a media landscape and triggered popularity, and how to promote the sustainable development of those places has become a hot topic of concern. Based on the theory of tourism motivation, this paper constructs a moderated dual-mediation model to explore the intrinsic mechanism and boundary conditions of the influence of the type of internet celebrity places on consumers’ willingness to continue checking in by conducting a moderated two-media model, and empirical tests through a second-hand data experiment and two behavioral experiments using college students. The results show that: (1) from the perspective of meaning analysis, the internet celebrity places can be divided into practical internet celebrity places and hedonic internet celebrity places, both of which will have an impact on consumers’ willingness to continue checking in, and the continuous check-in willingness brought by practical internet celebrity places is higher than that of hedonic internet celebrity places. (2) The internet celebrity places will affect the perceived authenticity and self-promotion of consumers, and the practical internet celebrity places is more likely to cause consumers’ perceived authenticity, and the hedonic internet celebrity places is more likely to cause consumers’ self-promotion, so as to construct a dual mediating influence path of perceived authenticity and self-promotion. (3) Promotional regulatory plays a moderating role in this influence pathway. Through the research of this paper, the research on destination tourism and internet celebrity economy is further enriched, and it also has a reference for the development decisions of internet celebrity places.

Family tourism can enhance individual well-being and family cohesion; however, the mechanisms by which intergenerational family interactions contribute to the subjective well-being of participants during travel have not been extensively explored. Drawing on family systems theory, conservation of resources theory, and cultural adaptation theory, this paper introduces family functioning as a mediating variable and cultural intelligence as a moderating variable. It constructs a correlational test model to examine the formation of subjective well-being through intergenerational interactions during family tourism. The results show that: (1) intergenerational interactions are closely linked to the subjective well-being of tourists and positively promote the subjective well-being of tourists. (2) Communication and interaction among family members is a key factor in the health of family functioning, and family functioning plays a key mediating role in intergenerational interaction and tourists' subjective well-being. (3) The cultural intelligence level of travelers can effectively enhance the positive associations of intergenerational interactions on subjective well-being. These findings provide new perspectives on the willingness and motivation of Chinese-style families to travel, expand the application of cultural intelligence in the field of tourism from the level of cultural adaptation, and provide new ideas for the high-quality development of the intergenerational tourism market.

Wellness tourism has an important value in serving national strategy, industrial practice and individual health. This paper discusses issues related to the theory, industrial practice and health effects of wellness tourism. The study concludes that: (1) wellness tourism is a multi-industry and multi-dimensional industrial model centered on the health industry, including health, tourism, senior-care, wellness, physical examination, prevention and treatment and it has a unique value in the personal, economic, social and ecological aspects. (2) Wellness tourism consumer group can cover the whole life cycle of the population, and the consumption motives are diversified, yet the mismatch between supply and demand is problematic. (3) Wellness tourism is highly dependent on high-quality ecological resources, thus the transformation of destination image from visual landscape to in-depth experience is the precursor of the transformation of traditional sightseeing to recreation and health resort tourism, and its evaluation and brand construction should concentrate on the tourists. (4) The development of wellness tourism is faced with the concept of inconsistency, homogeneity of products, the lack of quality standards, the shortage of specialized talents and the health effect that cannot be scientifically measured, and other specific problems; meanwhile, it should respond to the social concerns regarding the migration of senior population. (5) Wellness tourism as a linking element for mental health, can enhance the well-being of the individual's life, and realize physiological health effects through the support of environmental perception, physical participation and social interaction, and it is also a preventive tool for mental illnesses. Informed by the national strategy of Healthy China and the development trend of wellness tourism in the new era, academics should strengthen the theoretical and methodological research under the cross-disciplinary perspective, so as to provide scientific support for the practice of wellness tourism and its health effects.

Improving the level of digital infrastructure construction is an important measure to strengthen the resilience of the tourism economy, release the multiplier effect of the tourism industry chain, and enhance the high-quality development of the cultural and tourism industry. Based on the panel data of 31 provincial-level regions in China from 2011 to 2022, this paper uses the entropy method to measure the resilience of tourism economy and the level of digital infrastructure construction. The benchmark regression model, threshold model and spatial Durbin model are used to reveal the direct, non-linear and spatial spillover effects of digital infrastructure construction on the resilience of tourism economy. The results show that: (1) the construction of digitial infrastructure has effectively enhanced the resilience of the tourism economy and passed a series of robustness and endogeneity tests. (2) There is a non-linear increasing effect based on the intensity of financial supervison regarding the impact of the construction of digital infrastructure on the resilience of the tourism economy. (3) The construction of digital infrastructure has a positive spatial spillover effect on the resilience of the tourism economy. In view of this, the paper puts forward policy suggestions to further enhance the role of digital infrastructure construction in promoting the resilience of tourism economy from three aspects: formulating differentiated development strategies, giving a full play to financial regulation and improving the level of cross-provincial cooperation.

Rural tourism community governance has been widely recognized as a critical pathway to advance high-quality rural tourism development and facilitate rural revitalization in China. In this article, knowledge graph analysis tools are used to explore the research progress of rural tourism community governance. Research has found that: (1) the findings reveal three distinct evolutionary phases: theoretical application and localized emergence, mechanism deconstruction and practical exploration, system integration and paradigm shift, demonstrating progressive expansion in conceptual depth and disciplinary boundaries. (2) Existing research primarily adopts case-based empirical methods to validate the practical application of community governance theory in rural tourism contexts. (3) Furthermore, the study stematically identifies four key research themes: impacts of residents’ perceptions and behaviors on governance effectiveness, multi-stakeholder participation models, cultural-ecological preservation strategies, and sustainable development objectives, collectively forming an “impact-model-path-objective” empirical research framework. In response to existing limitations in the literature, such as regional biases in research objects, insufficient evaluation of governance effectiveness, and gaps in methodological innovation and interdisciplinary integration, thereby offering insights into research trends and academic innovations pertaining to the topic. Consequently, future research should prioritize the following aspects: (1) strengthening complex governance thinking and overcome regional biases and paradigm limitations, (2) promoting methodological integration and innovation, with a focus on multi-source data utilization and digital ethics, (3) deepening interdisciplinary collaboration mechanisms to construct dynamic knowledge production systems, (4) responding to national strategic needs and refine the theoretical framework for rural governance in China, (5) enhancing global academic dialogue and broaden the civilizational exchange dimension of governance research.

The construction of domestic cruise brands is of great significance in enhancing the national image, supporting the strategy of building a maritime power, and accelerating the upgrading and transformation of cruise tourism. The study takes the domestic cruise Adora Magic City as a case study, based on first-hand interview data and second-hand online text data, uses grounded theory to construct three dimensions of domestic cruise brand ethnicity-consumer behavior, national sentiment, and market competitiveness, and then adopts a fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method to explore the influencing factors among various dimensions of the brand ethnicity of domestic cruise. The results show that: (1) tourist experience has a significant impact on shaping brand ethnicity, with tourist satisfaction being the driving force for enhancing brand loyalty of domestic cruise; (2) Chinese traditional culture establishes an emotional bond between domestic cruise brands and consumers, and the inheritance of identity and cultural elements plays a key role in this process; (3) Technological innovation and market performance are the two core factors in enhancing brand international competitiveness, providing continuous momentum for consolidating the market position of domestic cruise brands. Research can help reveal the unique advantages of shaping domestic cruise brands, thereby promoting the sustainable development of China’s cruise industry.

Enhancing the safety of cruise tourism is crucial for preserving the reputation of cruise ships, safeguarding the healthy development of the industry, preventing accidents, and enhancing public confidence. Based on data from 3 376 global cruise accidents from 2000 to 2024, this paper employs chi-square tests and categorical regression methods to statistically analyze the types and consequences of worldwide cruise tourism accidents. It further examines the correlation among catastrophic accidents, social security incidents, public health emergencies, natural disasters and other contributing factors. The findings indicate that: (1) the number of cruise accidents aligns closely with the growth trajectory of the cruise industry; accident probabilities are elevated in busy maritime areas and ports; catastrophic incidents represent the most prevalent category of cruise-related mishaps with a wide array of subclasses exhibiting their complexity and diversity. (2) There exist variations in both nature and severity regarding accident outcomes across different incident types; public health emergencies and natural disasters tend to cause higher casualty rates. (3) Significant disparities are observed in the causative factors behind cruise tourism accidents. Personnel factors are closely related to the occurrence of catastrophic accidents, public health accidents and social security accidents; equipment factors are also important triggers of catastrophic accidents; environmental elements predominantly drive natural disasters as well as numerous catastrophic events; management factors have a great impact on the development of public health accidents. Accordingly, this paper proposes several suggestions on risk control measures for cruise tourism to serve as guidance for effective safety management and sustainable development of cruise tourism.

High-quality development of tourism industry is a fundamental requirement for building a strong tourism country, and an important path for empowering common prosperity and realising Chinese-style modernization. Based on the theory of industrial development, the article defines the theoretical connotation and constructs the index system of high-quality development of tourism industry, and adopts exploratory spatiotemporal data analysis and spatiotemporal geographically weighted regression to gain insights into the spatiotemporal interactive evolution characteristics of high-quality development of tourism industry and heterogeneity of the driving factors in the 31 provincial-level regions of China from 2000 to 2020. The study finds that: (1) the high-quality development level of tourism industry has gradually increased, forming a distribution pattern of “eastern>Central>western”, with a significant spatial clustering trend. (2) The volatility of the local spatial structure and dependence direction of high-quality development of tourism industry is weakening, with the local spatial structure of the eastern region being more volatile but forming a relatively stable dependence direction, while the opposite is true for the central and western regions; the competition of the local spatial structure of the three regions is gradually increasing, especially in the eastern region; the number of provinces with spatial and temporal leaps during the study period is relatively small, and there is significant path dependence and spatial locking in the high-quality development of tourism industry. (3) The impact of government regulation has shifted from negative to positive, particularly benefiting the high-quality tourism development in the western region; the advantageous influence of transportation conditions has increasingly emerged, particularly benefiting the eastern and central regions; both opening up and digital infrastructure have demonstrated positive effects at all stages, with the former encouraging the eastern and central regions more than the western region, and the latter conversely; the industrial structure has been generally positive, except for the negative effect from 2011 to 2015; the positive effect of science, technology and innovation has weakened, and the spatial pattern of “eastern > central > western” has been formed. The spatial pattern of “eastern > central > western” has been formed.

The rapid development of cruise tourism has made it one of the most competitive sectors in the modern tourism industry. Seasonality is a primary characteristic of tourism activities, significantly shaping cruise tourism operations and development. However, existing research on the seasonality of cruise tourism continues to follow traditional paradigms, often neglecting the distinctive nature of cruise tourism compared to other types of tourism, particularly the crucial influence of shipping factors on cruise tourism seasonality. In addition, current literature often on seasonal characteristics of the measurement method is also relatively one-sided. In light of this, this study examines the Mediterranean region, integrating seasonal types, seasonal concentration, and seasonal variation structure to depict the seasonal characteristics of cruise ports. It further analyzes how shipping factors shape port seasonality from the perspectives of interregional complementary cruising, port hierarchy, and shipping functions. The results show that: (1) three primary seasonality types characterize Mediterranean cruise ports: multi-season operation-relative concentration-bimodal pattern in summer and autumn, year-round operation-relative balanced-bimodal pattern in summer and autumn, year-round operation-relative concentration-bimodal pattern in summer and autumn. (2) Year-round and multi-season ports are predominantly located around the Apennine Peninsula; the spatial distribution of seasonal concentration shows a basic pattern of “low in the west and high in the east”; and the spatial pattern of port seasonality show a “dual-peak in center, single or no peak in the east and west” spatial pattern. (3) The unique locational condition of market centrality underpins geographic clustering of ports offering multi-regional complementary cruising during specific seasons. Port market positioning in competitive contexts shapes distinctive seasonal preferences by port hierarchy. Dual-functionality as both transport hubs and tourism destinations distinguish the seasonal traits of home ports and hub ports from transit ports. This study analyzes the seasonal characteristics and spatial distribution of cruise ports, clarifies the significant influence of shipping factors such as complementary cruising, port hierarchy, and shipping functions on port seasonality, and provides theoretical guidance for cruise tourism planning, route allocation, fleet deployment, and development strategies in China.

The construction of spiritual and cultural landmarks is a crucial part of the development of national cultural parks and the construction of a strong socialist cultural nation. It plays a significant role in refining and excavating the essence of excellent culture and building a spiritual community. This paper employs a literature analytical method to define the concept and connotation of spiritual and cultural landmarks. The study concludes that: (1) spiritual and cultural landmarks are cultural landscapes with significant spiritual and cultural identifiers in space, characterized by five main connotations: spatial orientation, time continuity, innovative content, public recognition, openness and inclusiveness. (2) These landmarks are the result of cultural diffusion and integration and serve as material representations of cultural identity. They have evolved from mere landmarks to cultural landmarks, and eventually to spiritual and cultural landmarks. (3) Spiritual cultural landmarks have the value of forming shared cultural memories, enhancing cultural identity, and constructing a sense of community, which are foundational for the the convergence of multiple identities, enhancement of cultural confidence, and promotion of national unity. Future research should expand the research scope of cultural geography，further reveal the formation and evolution processes of spiritual culture in different regions and the function mechanisms of influencing factors. It should also explore the scientific path of spiritual cultural landmark system construction to deepen the understanding of spiritual and cultural landmarks, and provide references for the construction and management of national cultural parks.

Affected by global warming and the urban heat island effect, the demand for summer tourism among urban residents has grown rapidly. This study focuses on tourists’ subjective perception of the differences in weather comfort between their originating places and summer destinations. Through online questionnaires, tourists’ subjective ratings of meteorological conditions were collected, and five key meteorological factors influencing summer weather comfort daily mean temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily mean relative humidity, daily mean wind speed, and sunshine duration were selected as the core indicators of the model. The coolness level was divided into four grades: very cool, cool, relatively cool, and not cool. An innovative Coolness Index (CI) model for summer tourism was constructed. Using Chongqing as the test area, the summer tourism coolness index of 19 summer resorts in 2022 was analyzed. The results show that: (1) in the very cool level, compared with the central urban area of Chongqing during the same period, the summer resorts had an average daily temperature is 9.9°C lower, a maximum daily temperature is 7.7°C lower, a daily average relative humidity is 21% higher, a daily average wind speed is 0.2 m/s lower, and the number of sunshine hours is 0.5 hours less. (2) With the decrease of coolness level, the differences in meteorological factors gradually narrow. The Coolness Index model can accurately capture and effectively quantify the differences in weather comfort between the tourists’ originating places and summer destinations, overcoming the limitations of traditional models based on historical climate data and ignoring dynamic weather changes. This study advances research methods for tourism comfort and, combined with intelligent grid forecasting technology, provides scientific reference for urban residents in choosing summer destinations.

Urban scenic spots are important driving factors for promoting the adjustment of urban elements and spatial evolution. Based on the field theory and spatial production theory, this paper constructs a spatial evolution analysis framework for the development of tourism field driven by urban scenic spots. Taking Harbin Ice-Snow World as an example, this paper analyzes the spatial evolution process and mechanism of constructing tourism field centered on urban scenic spots. The study found that: (1) in the process of construction and development of urban scenic spots, policy support and the participation of actors have made scenic spots and their surrounding areas increasing in the number of tourism elements improving the element system. (2) The development of tourism field is a spatial evolution process driven by growth poles, that is, after the development of scenic spots, they gradually become regional growth poles and expand to the surrounding space. The production space and consumption space penetrate into each other during the expansion process, thus forming a tourism field. (3) Power domination, capital intervention, and habitus guidance work together in the process of urban scenic spots driving the development of tourism field. The interest coordination and behavioral coordination among actors promote the adjustment and allocation of elements in the region, and finally form a tourism field with a stable spatial production structure. This paper expands the application scenarios of field theory, and the research conclusions can provide useful references for the high-quality development of urban tourism and the optimization of urban spatial layout.

Under the superimposed influence of the post-Winter Olympics era and post-pandemic consumption, ice and snow sports have entered a stage of rapid development. This paper constructs an evaluation index system for the high-quality development level of the ice and snow tourism industry in Jilin Province from 2013 to 2022 by using the entropy value method, and utilizes the grey relational model to explore its driving factors. The research findings are as follows: (1) the overall level of high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry in Jilin presents a fast rising trend, but there are certain differences in the internal dimensions of high-quality development, the level of more stable in the dimensions of innovation and green development, the level in the four dimensions of the stability, coordination, openness, and shared development dimensions are more sensitive to the social economy. (2) Among the contribution rates of various dimensions, innovation development has the highest contribution rate, followed by green development and stable development. Coordination development has the lowest contribution rate. (3) There are differences in the influence of each factor on the level of high-quality development of the ice and snow tourism industry in Jilin and its dimensions, and the three major driving forces of industrial demand, industrial supply, and industrial environment positively promote the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism industry. Accordingly, the paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions, in terms of vigorously stimulating industrial demand, continuously optimizing industrial supply, and create a favorable industrial environment to achieve the high-quality development of the ice and snow tourism industry in the province.

Birdwatching tourism, a significant subset of wildlife tourism, plays a vital role in ecological conservation, ecotourism, and the sustainable development of communities. This paper employs CiteSpace 6.2.R4 to analyze the research process, development trends and emerging themes in international research on birdwatching tourism from 2003 to 2023. The findings are as follows: (1) the number of published articles has consistently increased. Based on variations in publication volume and thematic evolution, birdwatching tourism research can be divided into three phases: initial exploration and foundational research, deepening exploration and value assessment, and ongoing development with a focus on sustainability. (2) Research in this field is characterized by significant interdisciplinary engagement, with developed countries, particularly in North America, dominating the field. Several high-output and influential research teams have emerged; however, the collaboration network remains fragmented, and a core group of authors has not yet materialized. (3) Key research topics include the cultural ecosystem services of birdwatching tourism, citizen science and birdwatching behavior, the sustainable development of birdwatching destinations, and the socio-economic impacts of the industry. Recent focal points in the field include cultural ecosystem services, environmental responsibility behaviors, citizen science, human-bird interactions, urban birdwatching tourism, and the ecological and economic value of birdwatching. In China, birdwatching tourism research is still in its early stages, lagging behind industry practices. It is recommended that future studies adopt a macro-meso-micro framework, encompassing four components: birdwatchers (subjects), birdwatching resources (objects), the birdwatching industry (media), and the birdwatching environment (carriers). This approach will facilitate interdisciplinary and international research on topics such as community-based birdwatching, the impact and demand of birdwatchers, and cross-border studies, providing scientific insights for the development of birdwatching tourism and the establishment of bird conservation area systems.

Digital transformation has emerged as a pivotal path for the upgrading of rural homestays, holding profound significance for homestays to adapt to technological changes in the digital era, enhance service quality and efficiency, and bolster their market competitiveness. Based on the case investigation of rural homestays in some areas of Zhejiang Province, this paper uses Gioia inductive topic analysis method to analyze the influencing factors and action mechanisms in the digital transformation of rural homestays. The results show that: (1) the impetus of digital transformation, such as ease of digital technology and usefulness of digital technology, is the external technological driving force of homestays’ digital transformation. The ease of technology encourages homestays to judge the usefulness of technology. Digital transformation resistance, such as the high cost of digital platforms and the difficulty of monetizing digital platforms, constitutes external technical obstacles, and the choice of digital transformation is based on rational consideration of pros and cons. (2) In addition to external technical factors, homestays’ digital transformation is also affected by the response of tourists’ demand and the impact of market crisis, which is the external market driving force of the digital transformation. (3) External factors such as technology and market encourage managers to improve their digital capabilities, such as strengthening digital management capabilities and promoting digital marketing capabilities, which become the internal driving force for homestays’ digital transformation. (4) In the process of digital transformation, the talent support force such as digital talent demand and digital talent training, as well as the policy support force such as expecting digital support and giving digital support as internal and external regulatory factors jointly promote homestays’ digital transformation. The conclusions enhance the theoretical explanation of influencing factors of rural homestays’ digital transformation, not only enrich the theoretical achievements of rural homestay and expand the application scenarios of digital transformation, but also provide the practical direction for promoting the digital transformation of rural homestay, and help realize the goal of digital countryside and rural revitalization.

Rural tourism promotes the flow of urban and rural elements through the development of characteristic resources, and then drives the endogenous development of rural areas. Based on the data of 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) from 2011 to 2020, this paper uses entropy method, fixed effect panel regression model and mediating effect model to measure the level of rural tourism and rural endogenous development, and empirically demonstrates the impact of rural tourism on rural endogenous development. The research findings are as follows: (1) rural tourism has a direct impact on rural endogenous development by promoting the transformation of local resources, expanding the main participation channels, enhancing residents' cultural identity, improving rural governance structure and improving the livable environment of villages. (2) The resource type, income scale, tourist number and market entities of rural tourism all have significant influence on rural endogenous development, among which the rural tourism market entities have the most significant influence on rural endogenous development. (3) Rural industrial structure and urban-rural income gap have an intermediary effect on the relationship between rural tourism and rural endogenous development, which indirectly promotes rural endogenous development. The research enriches the theoretical explanation of endogenous rural development, and provides scientific reference for the high-quality development of rural tourism and the adjustment of urban-rural integration policies.

In the context of rural revitalization, the modernization of tourism community governance has become a key factor in advancing agricultural and rural modernization and achieving comprehensive revitalization. The governance of rural tourist communities is not only an important part of achieving effective rural governance, but also a core issue for achieving the goal of rural revitalization. In the new era, rural tourist communities governance shows the characteristics of multi-subject participation and multiple value functions. Its significant changes include the prominent position of villagers, the prosperity of rural cultural construction, the prominent concept of green governance, and the intelligent transformation of governance modes. However, the governance of rural tourist communities is facing many challenges, such as the existence of governance gap, the constraints of theoretical difficulties, and the troubles of practical problems, which seriously affect the sustainable development of rural tourist communities. This paper explores the theoretical mechanism and path exploration of the modernization of rural tourist community governance under the perspective of rural revitalization. The research finds that: (1) the construction of the governance system of rural tourist communities is the foundation of governance modernization, covering the integration of governance elements, structural construction, and institutional improvement. (2) Building a governance community and achieving the joint governance of multiple subjects is the essential requirement of rural tourist community governance. (3) The governance of rural tourist communities faces problems in many aspects such as system, culture, fairness, and environmental protection, and effective measures need to be taken to cope with them. (4) The focus and tasks of rural tourist community governance should focus on four aspects: system, technology, culture, and talent, in order to improve the effectiveness of governance and the vitality of community development. Through the research, we can not only further deepen the theoretical explanation of the relevant issues of the modernization of rural tourist community governance under the vision of rural revitalization, but also provide decision - making references for relevant managers to formulate industrial policies and development strategies, and help to effectively promote the rural revitalization strategy and the modernization of the governance system and capacity of rural tourist communities.

As the global population ages, retirement sojourning has become a key driver of the silver economy and elderly well-being. This study focuses on Chinese urban elderly aged 55 to 80. Grounded in the Lifespan Developmental Control Theory, a survey of 557 subjects was conducted through questionnaire method to investigate the relationship between the elderly’s balanced time perspective and their demand for retirement tourism, as well as the underlying mechanism. The results indicate that: (1) the balanced time perspective can directly predict the demand for retirement sojourning among the elderly. (2) The balanced time perspective can predict the demand for retirement sojourning by enhancing the elderly’s social support or sense of life meaning independently, and it also exerts an effect through the chain mediation of perceived social support and sense of life meaning on their demand for retirement sojourning. (3) Heterogeneity analysis was carried out by dividing the elderly into two groups based on their working status - retired and on-the-job. It was found that there are significant differences in the internal mechanism of the balanced time perspective on the demand for retirement sojourning. Specifically, the indirect effects of the balanced time perspective, perceived social support, sense of life meaning, and the demand for retirement sojourning are most prominent in the retired group. For the on-the-job group, the positive influence of the balanced time perspective on the demand for retirement sojourning mainly relies on the crucial factor of the individual’s sense of life meaning. This study reveals the internal influencing mechanism of the balanced time perspective on the demand for retirement sojourning, aiming to enrich relevant research on the demand mechanism for retirement sojourning among the elderly and provide a scientific reference for the market segmentation and formulation of differentiated marketing strategies for elderly retirement sojourning products.

The human settlements environment of coastal cities is an important foundation for the development of coastal tourism, yet vulnerable to disasters. Based on the panel data of 17 coastal cities in the Bohai Rim from 2010 to 2021, this paper comprehensively uses the entropy weight-TOPSIS model and the coupling coordination degree model to explore the tempo-spatial evolution features of the coupling coordination between tourism economy and human settlements resilience, and uses the obstacle degree model to identify the obstacle factors preventing the coordinated development of the two systems. The results show that: (1) during the study period, the development level of tourism economy and human settlements resilience shows a slow fluctuating upward trend, but the latter was better than the former; the spatial differentiation characteristics of the two systems are similar, showing a “multi-pole” pattern with three typical tourist cities of Tianjin, Dalian and Qingdao as high-value areas, and the low-value areas are concentrated in the northwest and southwest regions of the Bohai Rim. (2) The level of coupled coordination of tourism economy and human settlements resilience of coastal cities in the Bohai Rim has gradually evolved from the stage of near-disorder at the beginning of the research period to the stage of bare coordination at the end of the research period, and dominant type of the coupling coordination is economy lagging behind human settlements resilience type; the coordination level of typical tourist cities represented by Tianjin, Dalian and Qingdao is higher than that of non-traditional tourist cities such as Cangzhou, Binzhou, Jinzhou and Huludao. (3) The lagging development of tourism economy has always been the bottleneck of the improvement of the coordination level of the two systems. Multiple factors such as the downturn of the inbound tourism market, the insufficient reception of domestic tourists and the imperfect tourism service facilities restrict the coordinated development of the two systems.

Sports tourism integration is a key approach to promote the coordinated development of the sports and tourism industries, playing a significant role in regional economic growth, the preservation of social and cultural heritage, and meeting the people’s needs for a better quality of life. Based on 690 CNKI-indexed papers (2006-2024) related to sports tourism integration, this study uses ITGInsight software for bibliometric and content analysis to systematically examine the current status, research hotspots, and future trends of sports tourism integration in China. The findings reveal: (1) research on sports tourism integration in China began in 2006 and has progressed through four stages: conceptual exploration, theoretical construction, applied research, and innovative expansion. (2) The research focuses on five key areas: theoretical mechanisms of integration, integration level evaluation, strategic pathways, regional applications, and policy drivers, forming an interdisciplinary theoretical framework centered on industrial integration theory, coupling coordination theory and synergy effect theory.(3) The research trajectory of sports tourism integration in China has evolved from theoretical exploration to diversified development in general, but challenges remain, including insufficient theoretical innovation, limited dynamic data analysis, inadequate adoption of new technologies, and weak research on regional coordination and sustainability. Future research should focus on constructing interdisciplinary theoretical frameworks, advancing dynamic and intelligent analytical methodologies, exploring differentiated development through cross-regional collaboration mechanisms, and strengthening sustainability-oriented systemic applications, providing theoretical support and practical guidance for the high-quality development of sports tourism integration.

The mobile phone addiction among young people has become an increasingly serious social problem. Can ecotourism with natural landscape as its core attraction pull mobile phone addicts back to the real world, thus promoting their healthy growth? This is concerned and becomes one of the important responsibilities of tourism as a spiritual product. Through questionnaire survey, this article explored the impact of mobile phone addiction on eco-tourism willingness of college students and its psychological mechanism. The research found that: (1) mobile phone addiction behavior had a significant negative predictive effect on ecotourism willingness. (2) Mobile phone addiction reduced people’s sense of meaning in life and strengthened their pursuit of short-term pleasure, thereby negatively affecting their willingness to engage in ecotourism. The “-” and “+” in this pathway reflect the fact that the spiritual self becomes “emptier” and the physical self becomes more “thrill-seeking”. (3) Compared with women, men had a stronger pursuit of pleasure (due to biological sex) and a weaker sense of meaning experience (due to social sex) after becoming addicted to mobile phones, which led to a lower willingness to engage in ecotourism. The findings not only helped to understand how mobile phone addiction affected ecotourism willingness, but also provided a new perspective for improving the dissemination of ecotourism.

Value co-creation is an effective means to promote the establishment of trust, feedback and co-operation mechanisms between endogenous actors such as government and residents, and exogenous entities such as tourists and enterprises in rural tourism community governance. Taking Huanglongxian Village and Longxiang Shuangfan Village in Jiangning District, Nanjing, as case studies, this paper explores the process and mechanisms of value co-creation between endogenous actors and exogenous entities in rural tourism community governance by using qualitative research and content analysis. The results show that: (1) innovative concepts such as information, platforms, and services from traditional value co-creation theories have entered the governance process of rural tourism communities through the interaction between endogenous actors and exogenous entities, and innovate the tourism village governance model in the process of value chain formation and value delivery. (2) The value delivery axis of “co-anticipation - co-construction - co-enjoyment” exists in the process of value co-creation of community residents, consumers and enterprises, which is reflected in the interaction of spatial strategies, co-creation needs and governance results of different value subjects, as well as the identification and practice of transforming the use of rural resources for tourism. (3) The mechanism of value co-creation between endogenous actors and exogenous entities lies in the participatory transmission of value chain and the innovation of governance models within rural tourism communities during the rural revitalization process. This promotes spatial production with high-quality in rural tourism. Tourists, as new participants in community governance, inherit and develop the value connotations of the tourism community. Thus, rural tourism initiatives should concentrate on value transformation capacity of tourists and community residents, digital marketing and platform construction, and encourage more subjects to spontaneously participate in governance.

Existing tourism experience research primarily adopts anthropocentric, structuralist, and reductionist perspectives, which often overlook the complex generation process of spatial relationships in tourism experiences under the agency of heterogeneous human and non-human elements. In light of this, this paper introduces a post-structuralist assemblage theory perspective to readdress the ontology, epistemology, and methodology of tourism experiences. The findings reveal that: (1) “tourism experience” can be regarded as a relational assemblage dynamically generated by the active co-action of diverse heterogeneous human and non-human elements in the world of life and tourism. (2) The generation of tourism experience assemblages follows a dynamic relational process logic of “territorialization-de-territorialization” driven by “desire”, and this “assemblage” epistemology of tourism experience provides a new active relational perspective for studies on authenticity and representation. (3) The assemblage methodology must adhere to a principle of “object-human” general symmetry and a genesis perspective, integrating multi-disciplinary methods such as new materialist cartography, material ethnography, and metaphor analysis in psycholinguistics, focusing on analyzing why, when, where, and how diverse heterogeneous elements participate in and influence the complex generation process, relationships, and meanings of tourism experiences, that is, the formation, dissolution, recombination, and reshaping of tourism experience assemblage, as well as the value of assemblage. The assemblage perspective, which takes “objects” and “relations” as ontological orientation, can provide an inclusive and critical inspiration from a post-structuralist perspective for tourism experience theory research and the management practice of “human-land” conflict relationships.

Non-human elements are increasingly taking on an important “actor” status as a significant component of tourist experiences. However, the existing tourism experience research often neglects the subjectivity of non-human elements and their complex role in dynamic relationship with human elements. Taking “beach-combing” as the research object, this study analyzes the complex generative process of beach-combing experiences influenced by non-human elements from the post-structuralisms’ assembly theory perspective. The study finds that: (1) the perspective of assembly theory has strong explanatory applicability to beach-combing experiences, which can be seen as a relational social space actively assembled by diverse heterogeneous elements such as discourse, tides, marine life, and sea chasing tools. (2) The “tourist-body-tide-marine beach-combing tools” forms an immersive beach-combing experience assemblage where non-human and human elements coexist, and the assembly relationships and meanings of the assemblage will dynamically change due to the dynamic, unpredictable, and emergent nature of non-human elements such as marine life and tides. (3) The process of assembling experience before, during, and after beach-combing involves the awakening of the bodily subjectivity guided by discourse, immersive coexistence relationships, and the dynamic generation of tourists' acquired well-being and meaning. (4) “Primary domainisation-Secondary domainisation-Tertiary domainisation” is the evolutionary logic of the beach-combing experience assemblage generative process. The “assemblage” thinking, oriented by “things” and “relationships”, places the relationship between beach-combing activities, tourists, and experiences in a flattened, decentralized, and complex social environment for exploration, which is conducive to further reflecting on the “binary” logic of “subject-object” and “society-matter” in previous tourism experience research, providing a useful reference for the construction of the tourism experience assembly theory system and marine tourism development.

Ecological experience activities are an important practical pathway for ecological conservation and sustainable development in national parks, and their impact assessment provides significant guidance for optimizing management strategies. This study takes the Yellow River Source Area of Sanjiangyuan National Park as a case study, constructing an impact assessment system for ecological experience activities based on the "Pressure-State-Response (PSR)" model and the DEMATEL analysis method, revealing the multi-dimensional mechanisms of ecological experience activities on ecosystem health. The research findings are as follows: (1) the ecosystem health of Yellow River Source Area is in an alert state, characterized by "low pressure, medium state, and high response". (2) In the pressure dimension, eco-experience activities have less impact on ecosystem health, and eco-experience facilities are the main source of pressure; in the state dimension, the ecological service capacity and ecological resilience of the Yellow River Source Park are weak, and the impact of eco-experience activity brands is more significant; in the response dimension, the economic benefits are the most prominent, followed by the public response. (3)The analysis of influencing factors shows that ecological rangers, the increase in herders’income, and the improvement of residents’ quality of life are the key factors for the ecosystem health of the Yellow River Source Park; necessary reception facilities, ecological vitality,ecological service capacity and other factors play an important supporting role in the stability of the ecosystem.Finally, this study proposes the construction of a collaborative governance system of "pressure regulation, state optimization, and response enhancement", providing practical pathways for optimizing the management of ecological experience activities in national parks.

In the post-Winter Olympics era, the competition in the ski resort market is becoming increasingly intensive, thus ski resorts are urgently requested to improve and upgrade themselves to meet new market demands and achieve sustainable development. However, previous literature has not identified the asymmetrical relationships between attributes and tourist satisfaction. In this study, using the Changbai Mountain Wanda International Resort as a case study area, we employed Impact-Range Performance Analysis (IRPA) and Impact Asymmetry Analysis (IAA) to evaluate the asymmetrical influences of resort attributes on tourist satisfaction from the perspective of tourist’ perception (N=344). The results indicate that: (1) ski slopes at case site have significant impact on tourist satisfaction but underperformed as an attribute in need of improvement. (2) Accommodation, climate and natural environment, safety management, and cultural environment are highly rated by tourists, and are proved to have a significant and positive impact on tourist satisfaction. (3) Among all the attributes, cable cars are delighters, strongly associated with high tourist satisfaction; instructors, dining, and routine management, as hybrids, and have a linear relationship with satisfaction. Accommodation, cultural environment, staff, accessibility, entertainment, and smart services and management are dissatisfier and frustrators, as they are more likely to cause tourist dissatisfaction. The findings of this study not only deepen the understanding of the differential impact of different attributes of ski resorts on tourist’ experience from the perspective of tourist’ perception, but also provide theoretical references for the optimization of services and management of similar ski resorts in Changbai Mountains and Northeast China.

The way in which information is presented in destination tourism advertisements significantly influences tourists’ travel decisions. But how does the interaction between goal framing and information content in tourism advertisements affect tourists’ travel intentions? Based on the framing effect theory, this paper explores the interactive influence, underlying mechanisms, and boundary conditions of destination tourism advertisements’ goal framing (gain framing vs. loss framing) and information content (subjective information vs. objective information) on tourists’ travel intentions through three experiments. The findings reveal that: (1) goal framing and information content have an interactive effect on tourists' travel intentions, where the match between gain framing and objective information, and the match between loss framing and subjective information enhance tourists’ travel intentions. (2) Perceived image plays a partial mediating role in the influence of tourism advertising goal framing and information content on tourists’ travel intentions. (3) Tourists’ conscientiousness significantly moderates the interactive effect of goal framing and information content. Specifically, under the matching condition of gain framing and objective information, tourists with high conscientiousness show stronger travel intentions, while under the matching condition of loss framing and subjective information, there is no significant difference in travel intentions across different levels of conscientiousness. The study not only extends the theoretical research on framing effects in the field of tourism marketing, but also provides practical implications for destination marketers on how to construct goal framing and information content of tourism advertisements to attract more tourists.

Rural tourism serves as a critical tool for revitalizing the rural economy and addressing the “three rural” issues. This study explores its practical significance on upgrading rural residents’ consumption structure and the underlying mechanisms, particularly in the context of expanding domestic demand and stimulating rural consumption potential. Utilizing data from the China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) conducted in 2015, 2017, and 2019, this research employs the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS), double fixed-effect models, and propensity score matching to empirically examine the impact of rural tourism development on rural residents' consumption patterns. Key findings include: (1) rural tourism significantly promotes overall consumption and consumption structure upgrades among rural residents. (2) The effects of rural tourism on consumption are influenced by individual and household characteristics, with older age, marital status, past hardships, and poor health showing significant negative impacts. (3) Mechanism analysis reveals that rural tourism enhances consumption structure upgrades by increasing income levels and expanding non-agricultural employment opportunities. (4) Heterogeneity tests indicate that the impact of rural tourism is more pronounced in central and western regions compared to eastern regions, reflecting varying regional responses to tourism development. These findings not only elucidate the internal logic of how rural tourism drives consumption upgrades but also provide valuable insights for policy formulation, optimizing the rural consumption environment, and promoting comprehensive rural economic development.

. Tourism development in ethnic areas promotes the interaction and exchange and intermingling between communities and the outside world. Taking Skula Town in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan as a case area, the study uses gounded theory and fsQCA (Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis) to construct an analytical model of tourism promoting the ‘three connections’ of ethnicity (interaction, communication and integration), and to reveal the configuration of various factors affecting the perceptions of ethnic integration. The results discovered that the antecedent conditions show significant complexity and heterogeneity. (1) Women with low education, young and high income hold a positive attitude towards ethnic integration; (2) High-quality tourism activities and benefits significantly improve residents’ perception of ethnic integration; (3) When men with low education level achieve higher income and actively participate in tourism activities, they hold a positive attitude towards the benefits brought by tourism, maintain high-quality interaction with tourists, and form a positive perception of ethnic integration. The results of this study emphasize that the positive output of tourism activities and tourism benefits is an essential basis for promoting ethnic interaction, communication, and integration and helps to build an interactive system based on cultural sharing, material sharing, and a sense of Chinese national community. It provides a new perspective and empirical support for deepening tourism development in ethnic areas and promoting ethnic integration.

Marathon events are regarded as an important tool for promoting the tourism industry. This study utilizes Baidu Search Index and employs spatial and regression analysis methods to examine the spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing factors of the coupling coordination degree between marathon events and regional tourism in 52 representative Chinese cities from 2012 to 2023. The results show that: (1) the development level of marathon events shows an “N-shaped” pattern, reaching a peak in 2019. The development level of the tourism industry shows an “fluctuating upward” trend, reaching its peak in 2017. (2) From 2012 to 2023, the coupling coordination degree between marathon events and the tourism industry in China has continuously maintained an upward trend, but it remains a mild imbalanced state. The eastern cities consistently surpass the national average, with central cities showing the most significant increase. The spatial distribution of coupling coordination degree demonstrates a gradual decrease from coastal areas to inland areas. Representative cities in the high-value areas include Shanghai, Hangzhou, Chongqing, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen. In contrast, representative cities in the low-value areas include Yanbian, Lhasa, and Hengshui. (3) The intra-regional differences in coupling coordination degree are the largest in the eastern region, and the magnitude of interregional differences follows the order of western versus eastern regions, central versus eastern regions, and central versus western regions. The contributions to regional differences are ranked in the following order: intra-regional differences, hyper-variable density, and inter-regional differences, with intra-regional differences being the primary source of overall variation. (4) The coupling coordination degree is influenced by various factors, such as regional economic development level, socio-cultural context, and environmental background, among which, GDP, the proportion of tertiary industry, per capita sports area, urbanization rate, and average annual temperature being the most significant factors. The findings of this study provide scientific reference for promoting the deep integration of marathon events and tourism development.

The relationship between tourism development and CO₂ emissions has attracted considerable interest from researchers worldwide under the background of global climate governance and the claim of China’s “dual carbon” goal. However, existing studies tend to concentrate solely on tourism without examining the broader impact of the socio-economic system in which it resides. From a holistic perspective, this article uses fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis methods and necessary condition analysis based on a total of 93 cases from 31 different types of cities in China to reveal the synergistic causal impact of tourism development and various factors such as economic development, industrial structure, innovation capacity and population size on CO₂ emissions. The results show that: (1) neither tourism nor other single variable is a necessary or sufficient condition for regional CO₂ emissions; (2) there are three patterns driving high CO₂ emissions, namely the industry-driven, economy-tourism driven, and population-industry driven; and (3) there are three patterns of low CO₂ emissions, namely the low development driven, tourism driven, and economy driven. The article confirms the complex impacts of tourism development and other core conditions on CO₂ emissions from configurational perspectives. The article identifies a causal asymmetry in the driving mechanisms of CO₂ emissions, i.e., the presence or absence of tourism development may drive either high or low CO₂ emissions. Moreover, the article provides a solid theoretical basis for tailoring tourism development to local conditions and promoting tourism’s low-carbon development.

As a significant demographic group engaged in social media sharing, women have garnered considerable research attention. However, there has been limited exploration into whether and what differences exist in the influencing mechanisms of women's willingness and behavior to share online at different stages of their family life cycle. This study integrates the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Social Exchange Theory (SET) to develop a research model, uses structural equation modeling (SEM) and multi-group analysis (MGA) to test the model using a sample of 628 participants, and further compares the model differences among three groups, namely, single (empty nest stage), married without children (nesting stage), and married with children (full nest stage). The findings reveal that: (1) in terms of non-functional factors, single women value perceived interaction, women that married without children emphasize perceived enjoyment and interaction, while perceived flaunt appeal significantly influences the sharing willingness and behaviors across all groups. (2) Regarding functional factors, single women and women that married without childernfocus on perceived ease of use, while married women with children prioritize perceived usefulness. (3) Online sharing willingness positively influences both sharing behaviors and tourism decision-making in all three groups. This paper contributes to the literature on women’s online sharing behavior, expands the application of family life cycle theory in tourism studies, and provides theoretical insights and empirical support for targeted marketing strategies and personalized services for tourism enterprises and social media platforms.

Network attention is a key indicator measuring public interest in tourism destinations. Based on the network attention to tourism data of “Baidu index”, this research analyzes the spatio-temporal characteristics of network attention to tourism in eight China-Russia border cities in Heilongjiang Province from 2015 to 2023 by using the seasonal intensity index and geographic concentration index, followed by the influencing factors exploration by means of geographic detectors from 2019 to 2022. The findings indicate that: (1) the network attention to tourism of research areas in 2015-2023 manifests obvious seasonality and periodicity with peaks in summer and troughs in winter. Overall, the trend followed a “decline-rise-decline-recovery” trajectory. (2) Typical tourism cities (such as Heihe, Mudanjiang, Jiamusi, etc.) have relatively stable spatial distribution characteristics of network attention to tourism, with extensive, stable and sustainable tourism markets. The attention space of atypical tourist cities (such as Jixi, Shuangyashan, Hegang, etc.) fluctuates significantly. As a typical tourist city, the attention of Mohe also shows significant spatial fluctuations, indicating that the tourist city is in a dynamic development stage under the influence of multi-dimensional factors. (3) The spatial patterns of network attention to tourism in these border cities were influenced by economic, ecological, and social factors. Among these, GDP level, average low temperature and population density had a significant impact. The interaction of these multiple factors influences the change of the spatial pattern of network attention to tourism in the border cities.