跨行政区旅游目的地的典型开发模式与协同发展经验——基于合作成熟度视角

doi:10.12342/zgstly.20220138

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

各自为政的“属地管理”模式难以满足跨行政区旅游目的地的发展诉求和游客消费需求。本研究以“案例选取-模式总结-发展建议”为研究主线，从合作成熟度角度，选取3个处于不同合作阶段的跨行政区的景区级旅游目的地进行分析，分别是处于成熟合作阶段的黄河壶口瀑布旅游区，开发模式为政府主导下的跨区域多元合作；处于破局起步阶段的武功山景区，开发模式为人大立法保障下的企业统一运作；处于尚待突破阶段的天堂寨景区，开发模式为浅层合作下的相互独立运营。研究还发现，成熟的跨行政区旅游目的地开发需要更高行政级别政府的顶层设计；大型战略项目驱动会显著增强区域间的合作意愿；区域协同立法是跨行政区旅游目的地协同发展的创新手段；统一的品牌宣传和现代化的管理方式则有助于旅游目的地的成熟化发展。

关键词: 跨行政区, 旅游目的地, 开发模式, 协同发展, 黄河壶口瀑布旅游区, 武功山景区, 天堂寨景区

Abstract:

The fragmented “territorial management” mode is difficult to meet the development demands of cross-regional tourist destinations and the consumption demands of tourists. Adopting the research line of “case selection, mode summary and development suggestion” and the perspective of collaboration maturity, this paper selects three interregional tourism destinations in different stages of cooperation for analysis, and summarizes their development modes, specific measures and development experience. The results show that: The Hukou Waterfall tourist area of the Yellow River is the first successful cross-regional joint creation of 5A scenic spot in China, which belongs to the mature collaboration stage with a government-led multi-regional development mode. Wugong Mountain scenic spot is the first scenic spot in China to solve the problem of “one mountain, three governance modes” through coordinated legislation. It is located in the initiative stage, with a legislative-guaranteed and enterprise-unified-operation development mode. However, the cross-regional collaborative development of the Tiantangzhai scenic spot still remains undeveloped, and its development mode implies a mutual independent operation and superficial collaboration. The research also found that the development of mature cross-regional tourist destinations needs the top-level design of higher administrative level government; large strategic project significantly strengthens the regional cooperation willingness; regional cooperative legislation is an innovative means of collaborative development. Unified brand publicity and modern management are conducive to the mature development of tourist destinations.

Key words: cross-regional, tourist destination, development mode, collaborative development, Hukou Waterfall tourist area of the Yellow River, Wugong Mountain, Tiantangzhai scenic spot

谢婷, 万晓萌, 蒋依依. 跨行政区旅游目的地的典型开发模式与协同发展经验——基于合作成熟度视角[J]. 中国生态旅游, 2022, 12(6): 1038-1052.

Xie Ting, Wan Xiaomeng, Jiang Yiyi. Typical development mode and collaborative development experience of cross-regional tourist destinations: A collaboration maturity perspective[J]. ECOTOURISM, 2022, 12(6): 1038-1052.

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典型景区	黄河壶口瀑布旅游区	武功山景区	天堂寨景区
模式划分	政府主导下的跨区域多元合作	人大立法保障下的企业统一运作	浅层合作下的相互独立运营
涉及行政区	山西省临汾市吉县、陕西省延安市宜川县	江西省宜春市、萍乡市、吉安市	安徽省金寨县、湖北省罗田县
合作阶段	成熟合作阶段	破局起步阶段	尚待突破阶段
协同管理形式	黄河壶口瀑布景区高质量发展委员会	江西武功山旅游集团有限公司	安徽天堂寨旅游发展有限公司/罗田县旅游投资开发有限公司
合作经验	全国首个跨省联创5A级景区：顶层设计推进合作；多层面统一发展；软硬件提档升级；生态保护和文化传承并重	全国首例协同立法解决“一山三治”问题：法治方式推进“大武功山”管理体制改革；组建集团有限公司统一管理景区；统一品牌下的差异化发展路线	实质性的协同发展有待推进：深层合作较少
协同发展目标	具有国际影响力的黄河文化旅游目的地	一个旅游品牌、3个国家5A级旅游景区	-