文化遗产如何建构国家认同?——基于大运河国家文化公园的案例分析

doi:10.12342/zgstly.20220160

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建构国民的国家认同是国家文化公园建设目的之一。本研究基于超有机体文化和有机体文化的概念，结合海德格尔“去蔽”概念，运用焦点小组和现象学反思方法，分析人们对大运河文化遗产的文化认同是如何上升为国家认同。本研究得出两个结论：首先，大运河文化遗产宣传中的国家认同属于整体性的超有机体文化。由于历史“不在场”和生活“不在场”，因此人们被“遮蔽”从而难以理解文化遗产的文化意义。其次，基于现象学建立的思维框架，可以指导人们从基于身体的反思和基于理性的反思两条途径，将个人与超有机体的国家认同联系起来。在两种反思的基础之上，人们通过“去蔽”可以得出可被人们理解和认同的国家文化符号。研究结论为国家文化公园建设中如何塑造国家认同这一问题提供了借鉴意义。

关键词: 文化遗产, 文化符号, 文化认同, 国家认同, 认同机制, 国家文化公园

Abstract:

One of the purposes of national culture parks in China is to construct national identity. Based on the concepts of superorganism culture and organism culture, in conjunction with Heidegger’s concept of “Entbergung”, this paper analyzes how people’s identities on cultural heritages in the Grand Canal National Culture Park transform into their national identities by using the method of focus group and phenomenological reflection. Two conclusions are drawn from this study. Firstly, the national identity in the promotion of Grand Canal Cultural Heritages is a holistic culture, super-organic culture. Because of the “absence” of history and the “absence” of life, people are in the situations of “Verborgenheit”, and are obscured from understanding the cultural significance of cultural heritage. Secondly, this framework based on phenomenology can guide people to connect the superorganistic national identities with themselves in two ways: introspection based on body, and introspection based on rationality. On the basis of the two kinds of introspection, and by the processes of “Entbergung”, people can derive national cultural symbols that can be understood and identified. The finding of this paper provides implications for how to shape national identities in the constructions of national culture parks.

Key words: cultural heritage, cultural symbols, cultural identity, national identity, mechanism of national identity, national culture park

安倬霖, 周尚意. 文化遗产如何建构国家认同?——基于大运河国家文化公园的案例分析[J]. 中国生态旅游, 2023, 13(3): 408-419.

An Zhuolin, Zhou Shangyi. How to construct national identity based on cultural heritages? A case study of the Grand Canal National Culture Park[J]. ECOTOURISM, 2023, 13(3): 408-419.

图/表 2

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