自然保护地教育旅游产品生产机制研究——以广东省丹霞山为例

doi:10.12342/zgstly.20220165

中国生态旅游 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (3): 466-482.doi: 10.12342/zgstly.20220165

自然保护地教育旅游产品生产机制研究——以广东省丹霞山为例

周彤昕¹(), 刘俊²^,^3,*()

1.中山大学旅游学院，珠海 519082
2.华南师范大学旅游管理学院，广州 510006
3.华南师范大学研学旅行与休闲教育研究中心，广州 510006

收稿日期:2022-12-30 修回日期:2023-04-06 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2023-08-04
通讯作者: *刘俊（1976-），男，博士，教授，硕士生导师，研究方向为研学旅行、乡村旅游、旅游教育。E-mail: liujun020@sina.com
作者简介:周彤昕（1999-），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为教育旅游、研学旅行、社交媒体与旅游者行为。E-mail: zhoutx6@mail2.sysu.edu.cn
基金资助:
广东省社会科学规划项目(GD22CYJ24)

Research on production mechanism of educational tourism products in nature reserves: A case study of Danxia Mountain, Guangdong Province

Zhou Tongxin¹(), Liu Jun²^,^3,*()

1. School of Tourism Management, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
2. School of Tourism Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
3. Research Center for Study Tour and Leisure Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2022-12-30 Revised:2023-04-06 Published:2023-06-28 Online:2023-08-04
Contact: *Liu Jun. E-mail: liujun020@sina.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

公众教育是自然保护地担负的重要使命之一，但中国自然保护地普遍面临教育旅游产品开发不足的短板。本研究采用质性研究方法，对广东丹霞山教育旅游产品生产机制进行研究，发现：（1）丹霞山教育旅游产品的生产环节分为知识生产、知识转化、课程设计、产品设计与运营4个部分；（2）丹霞山教育旅游产品生产形成了以自然科学类教育旅游产品为主、生产实践类教育旅游产品为辅的格局；（3）丹霞山教育旅游行业形成了“核心-外围-边缘”的结构，圈层间的互动与合作，驱动更优质、更丰富、更具可持续性的教育旅游产品生产。研究表明，教育旅游产品具有知识性强、政策解读要求高、对从业人员能力要求高的特点，教育旅游产品开发是自然保护地旅游业实现高质量发展的重要突破口。本研究从自然保护地行动者的角度揭示教育旅游产品开发的内在机制，阐明教育旅游特殊性对自然保护地旅游行业的结构性影响。

关键词: 公众教育, 教育旅游, 研学旅行, 生产机制, 自然保护地

Abstract:

Public education is an essential obligation of nature reserves. However, nature reserves in China are facing an insufficiency in the development of educational tourism products. A qualitative research method is used to explore the production mechanism of educational tourism product in Danxia Mountain, Guangdong Province. The research shows that: (1) The procedure of producing educational tourism products are divided into four steps: knowledge production, knowledge transformation, curriculum arrangement and design and operation of the educational tourism products. The formulation of this procedure is based on multiple internal and external factors such as the resources of the nature reserves, the internal logic of knowledge production and transformation, market demand and various policies and standards. (2) Under the guidance of public education, a production pattern has formed in Danxia Mountain, which dominated with the production of educational tourism products related to natural science knowledge and facilitated with the production of educational tourism products related to practical knowledge. (3) A structure of “core-surrounding-periphery” is formed in educational tourism industry. The interaction and cooperation among the different circles support the production of higher quality products, and contribute to the sustainable improvement of local educational tourism industry. The research shows that the logic of knowledge production and transformation, relevant policy standards, and the ability of the participants make the educational tourism product unique from other kinds of tourism products, Such uniqueness are the inner forces for the formation of the production mechanism of educational tourism products. This study systematically summarizes the practice of the educational tourism in Danxia Mountain. It helps to reveal the interactive relationship between various elements in the production process, based on the perspective of participants. Futhermore, this artical clarifies the specificity of educational tourism and its structural impact on the tourism industry in the nature reserves.

Key words: public education, educational tourism, study tour, production mechanism, nature reserves

周彤昕, 刘俊. 自然保护地教育旅游产品生产机制研究——以广东省丹霞山为例[J]. 中国生态旅游, 2023, 13(3): 466-482.

Zhou Tongxin, Liu Jun. Research on production mechanism of educational tourism products in nature reserves: A case study of Danxia Mountain, Guangdong Province[J]. ECOTOURISM, 2023, 13(3): 466-482.

图/表 4

表1

受访者基本信息表

编号	身份		备注
GW-01	丹霞山管理委员会主任	92	深度访谈
GW-02	丹霞山管委会工作人员	9	深度访谈
MS-01	连锁民宿总经理	66	深度访谈
MS-02	民宿管理者	45	深度访谈
MS-03	民宿管理者，科普学堂负责人	10	深度访谈
MS-04	民宿经营者，当地村民	39	深度访谈
MS-05	民宿经营者，外地人	35	深度访谈
MS-06	民宿经营者，外地人，科普学堂负责人	26	深度访谈
MS-07	民宿经营者，外地人，科普学堂负责人	80	深度访谈
MS-08	民宿经营者，返乡创业者，科普学堂负责人	83	深度访谈
MS-09	民宿经营者，外地人	48	深度访谈
MS-10	民宿经营者，当地村民，科普学堂负责人	18	深度访谈
MS-11	民宿经营者，外地人	12	深度访谈
MS-12	民宿经营者，外地人，科普学堂负责人	28	深度访谈
MS-13	民宿经营者，外地人，科普学堂负责人	42	小组访谈
MS-14	民宿经营者，外地人，科普学堂负责人	42	小组访谈
CY-01	农家乐餐饮经营者，当地村民	26	深度访谈
CY-02	农家乐餐饮经营者，当地村民，提供农耕体验产品	33	深度访谈
CY-03	农家乐餐饮经营者，当地村民	35	深度访谈
CY-04	农家乐餐饮经营者，当地村民，科普学堂负责人	68	深度访谈
CY-05	农家乐餐饮经营者，当地村民	9	深度访谈
JG-01	研学机构负责人，外地人，科普学堂负责人	70	深度访谈
JG-02	研学机构工作人员，研学导师，外地人	15	深度访谈
TC-01	丹霞红豆工作坊员工，当地村民，科普学堂工作人员	32	深度访谈
TC-02	丹霞红豆工作坊负责人，当地村民，科普学堂负责人	67	深度访谈
TC-03	茶庄经营者，外地人，科普学堂负责人	48	深度访谈
TC-04	石斛种植基地经营者，当地村民，科普学堂负责人	49	深度访谈
TC-05	米酒生产工坊经营者，当地村民，科普学堂工作人员	84	深度访谈
TC--06	丹霞核桃酥特产经营者，当地村民	8	深度访谈

表1

图1

图2

图3

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自然保护地教育旅游产品生产机制研究——以广东省丹霞山为例

Research on production mechanism of educational tourism products in nature reserves: A case study of Danxia Mountain, Guangdong Province

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