中国生态旅游 ›› 2023, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (3): 394-407.doi: 10.12342/zgstly.20230001

• 国家文化公园与遗产旅游 • 上一篇    下一篇

国家文化公园建设背景下的文化遗产保护体系改革研究

邹统钎1,2(), 邱子仪1,*(), 苗慧1   

  1. 1.中国文化和旅游产业研究院,北京第二外国语学院,北京 100024
    2.丝绸之路国际旅游与文化遗产大学,乌兹别克斯坦 撒马尔罕 140104
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-05 修回日期:2023-05-22 出版日期:2023-06-28 发布日期:2023-08-04
  • 通讯作者: *邱子仪(1998-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为旅游目的地管理与旅游规划。E-mail: qzyqzy20@163.com
  • 作者简介:邹统钎(1964-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为旅游管理与旅游规划、文化遗产管理、文化旅游发展政策。E-mail: ztq64@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金艺术学重大项目(20ZD02)

The reform of cultural heritage protection system under the background of the National Cultural Park construction

Zou Tongqian1,2(), Qiu Ziyi1,*(), Miao Hui1   

  1. 1. China Academy of Culture and Tourism, Beijing International Studies University, Beijing 100024, China
    2. Silk Road International University of Tourism and Culture Heritage, Samarkand 140104, Uzbekistan
  • Received:2023-01-05 Revised:2023-05-22 Published:2023-06-28 Online:2023-08-04
  • Contact: *Qiu Ziyi. E-mail: qzyqzy20@163.com

摘要:

构建高标准的文化遗产保护体系成为中国实行文化强国战略的必要选择,国家文化公园的诞生为优化遗产保护体系提供了契机。本研究以文化遗产保护体系的发展现状为背景,通过文献回顾分析其作用失调的关键成因和作用机制,并基于国内外经验探寻文化遗产保护体系的改革路径。研究发现:(1)中国文化遗产保护体系发展历程可划分为以文物本体保护为中心、多类型保护体系形成、升级改革3个阶段;(2)由于缺乏统一的顶层设计,中国文化遗产保护体系在保护观念、类型体系、管理体制和保障机制等4个方面存在一定局限性,严重影响了保护成效;(3)为提高中国文化遗产保护体系的治理效能,提出4条改革路径,以整体性保护和相容性利用为原则,重塑保护理念;以国家文化公园为统领,重构分类体系;以统一机构为前提,优化管理体制;以“人、财、法”护航,升级保障体系。本研究为完善中国文化遗产保护体系的顶层设计提供了方向与建议。

关键词: 国家文化公园, 文化遗产, 文化遗产保护体系

Abstract:

Building high standard protection system of cultural heritage is necessary to implement the Strategy of Building China into a strong Socialist Culture Country. The birth of the National Cultural Park provides an opportunity to optimize cultural heritage protection system. Based on the current development of cultural heritage protection system, this paper analyzes the key causes and mechanisms of its dysfunction role through literature review, and explores the reform path of the cultural heritage protection system based on domestic and foreign experience. The findings are as follows: (1) The development process of our cultural heritage protection system can be divided into three stages: cultural relics preservation centered stage, multi-type protection system forming stage, and upgrading and reform stage. (2) Due to the lack of unified top-level design, the cultural heritage protection system has some limitations in the protection concept, type system, management system and guarantee mechanism, which seriously affects the protection effect. (3) In order to improve the governance efficiency of the cultural heritage protection system, four reform paths are proposed: Reshape the protection concept based on the principles of integrity protection and compatibility; Reconstructing classification system with the National Cultural Park as the leader; Optimize the management system on the premise of unifying the organization; Upgrade the protection system with the support of professional talents, finance and law. This paper provides the direction and suggestions for improving the top-level design of the cultural heritage protection system.

Key words: National Cultural Park, cultural heritage, cultural heritage protection system