Evaluation of climate suitability for health and wellness in Anhui Province based on typical meteorological data of solar terms
Received date: 2025-03-13
Revised date: 2025-06-16
Online published: 2025-07-23
Health and wellness activities are a form of temporary settlement behavior, and the selection those destinations is significantly influenced by the long-term climate characteristics of the area. This study utilized meteorological data from 54 grid nodes in Anhui Province from 1991 to 2020, processed into typical meteorological data for Solar Terms, to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the wellness climate in Anhui Province. The study also conducted a zoning analysis of the suitability of the wellness climate using clustering methods. Additionally, data from 8 grid nodes outside Anhui Province were selected for comparative analysis. The results indicate: (1) Spring and autumn are the most suitable seasons for health and wellness in Anhui Province, with some areas suitable for summer retreats, while the winter comfort level throughout the province is relatively low; (2) Yuxi and Shexian County have the highest suitability for health and wellness, while southwestern and southern Anhui generally perform well; (3) Anhui Province can be divided into four climate characteristic zones suitable for wellness, which intuitively reflect the impact of latitude and local geography on the variability of health and wellness climate resources; (4) Compared to some northern cities, a few areas in northern Anhui have health and wellness advantages; compared to the eastern and southern neighboring regions of Anhui Province, southwestern and southern Anhui have health and wellness advantages; compared to southern cities, Anhui Province has a longer period of suitability for health and wellness, with southwestern Anhui having potential for off-peak development; (5) Under the backdrop of climate change, the suitable zones for health and wellness climate are generally shifting northward. The study innovatively proposed the use of typical meteorological data from solar terms for evaluating the suitability of the health and wellness climate, systematically revealing the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of the suitability of the health and wellness climate, addressing the issue of temporal roughness in traditional mean or threshold evaluations, and is of significant importance for the scientific evaluation of health and wellness climate resources and the development of the health and wellness tourism industry.
Li Junfeng , Wang Xiaojie , Yao Yilin , Lu Zhengyan . Evaluation of climate suitability for health and wellness in Anhui Province based on typical meteorological data of solar terms[J]. ECOTOURISM, 2025 , 15(3) : 604 -620 . DOI: 10.12342/zgstly.20250070
表1 样本点(临泉-1,33°N,115°E)STTMD数据序列Tab. 1 STTMD data sequence of sample node (Linquan-1, 33°N, 115°E) |
节气序号 | 节气名称 | 典型节气日选定年份及日期 | 温度日平均值Tavg(℃) | 相对湿度日平均值RHavg(%) | 风速日平均值 Vavg(m/s) | 日照时数(h) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ST1 | 小寒 | 2000. 01. 06 | 2.30 | 74.20 | 2.56 | 2.55 |
ST2 | 大寒 | 2019. 01. 20 | 1.43 | 68.91 | 2.39 | 3.02 |
…… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
ST23 | 大雪 | 2017. 12. 07 | 5.14 | 56.14 | 2.84 | 2.92 |
ST24 | 冬至 | 1994. 12. 22 | 4.38 | 68.53 | 3.23 | 3.10 |
注:英文字母ST代表节气(Solar Terms),ST1~ST24为小寒~冬至。 |
表2 温湿指数I、风寒指数K分级与人体舒适感觉Tab. 2 Classification of temperature-humidity index (I), wind chill index (K), and human comfort perception |
感觉程度 | 温湿指数I | 风效指数K | 健康人群感觉的描述 | 等级 |
---|---|---|---|---|
寒冷 | <14.0 | <-400 | 感觉很冷,不舒服 | A |
冷 | 14.0~16.9 | -400~-300 | 偏冷,较不舒服 | B |
舒适 | 17.0~25.4 | -299~-100 | 感觉舒适 | C |
热 | 25.5~27.5 | -99~-10 | 有热感,较不舒适 | D |
闷热 | >27.5 | >-10 | 闷热难受,不舒服 | E |
表3 安徽省康养气候适宜性分区及网格节点地理分布Tab. 3 Climate health and wellness suitability zoning and geographical distribution of nodes in Anhui Province |
分区 | 网格节点 | 地理分布 |
---|---|---|
I型区 | 泾县-1、泾县-2,金寨-1、金寨-2,宁国,祁门,歙县,太湖,黟县,岳西(10个) | 皖西南大别山区、皖南山区等 |
II型区 | 大观,当涂,东至,广德,贵池,含山,庐江,潜山,宿松,桐城,湾沚,宣州,义安(13个) | 长江沿江地区安徽段 |
III型区 | 霍邱-2,金安,舒城,裕安(4个) | 大别山区和皖北平原交界地带 |
IV型区 | 巢湖,砀山,定远-1、定远-2,肥东,阜南,涡阳-1、涡阳-2,淮上,怀远,霍邱-1,来安,灵璧-1、灵璧-2,蒙城,明光,全椒,寿县,泗县,太和,田家庵,萧县,颍东,颍上,埇桥(27个) | 皖北平原、巢湖流域、淮河流域等 |
图7 安徽省康养气候适宜性分区(1991—2020年)Fig. 7 Climate health and wellness suitability zoning in Anhui(1991—2020) |
表4 安徽省康养气候适宜性分区的气候特征Tab. 4 Characteristics of climate health and wellness suitability zoning in Anhui |
分区 | 时段特征 | 空间与自然特征 |
---|---|---|
I型区(盛夏避暑型康养气候区) | 春季康养季从ST9(立夏)到ST12(夏至),秋季康养季可从ST17(白露)延至ST20(霜降),其中部分网格节点的春季康养季可早至ST6、ST7,如祁门、歙县、黟县等,另有部分网格节点的秋季康养季可延至ST21(立冬),如岳西、宁国、祁门等。该类型最大的优势时段为ST13(小暑)~ST16(处暑)。 | 地处安徽省的大别山区或皖南山区,大别山区属于亚热带湿润季风气候,森林资源丰富,植被类型繁茂且覆盖面积广;皖南山区为亚热带季风气候,受地形、季风等因素影响,夏季该地相对凉爽,较为湿润。 |
II型区(春秋延长型康养气候区) | 春季康养季从ST7(清明)到ST12(夏至),是安徽省最早普遍进入舒适期的地区。秋季康养季从ST17(白露)至ST20(霜降)。 | 安徽省的长江沿江地区,分布了众多的丘陵及河流,气温和降水受季风气候影响,夏季常有暴雨,冬季则较为干燥。 |
III型区(两季型康养气候区) | 受山地小气候影响,春季康养季的起始时间比II型区迟,夏季开始较早,夏季和秋季的整体舒适性比同期的II型区略好。该地区春季康养季从ST8(谷雨)到ST12(夏至),秋季康养季从ST17(白露)到ST20(霜降)。 | 安徽省的中部偏西地区,地处北亚热带北缘,湿润季风气候,冬冷夏热,四季分明。该区在地形上以山地丘陵为主,水系丰富,森林覆盖率较高,整体环境质量上比II区更好,可视为II区的增强型。 |
IV型区(春长冬早型康养气候区) | 春季康养季与III型区相似,始自ST8(谷雨),但多数网格节点的夏季较迟,可延长至ST13(小暑),整体上春季康养季较长。秋季康养季多数网格节点始自ST16(处暑),较其他分区略早,但均至ST19(寒露)结束,时长较其他地区略短,冬季来临较早,冷不舒适期为安徽省最长。 | 大部分分布在淮河以北,其余分布在巢湖流域和淮河流域东部。处在暖温带与亚热带的过渡的地区,属于暖温带半湿润季风气候,气候特点四季分明,冬季寒冷,夏季炎热,秋季气温下降较快,晴好天气多。 |
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