Rapid industrialization, urbanization, informatization and globalization have brought tremendous technological progress and irreversible environmental changes, which lead to inevitable transformation and development of traditional villages. During the process, how do we preserve and continue the culture nature of traditional villages but also reconstruct the cultural ecology to adapt to the new environmental changes is the core task in the new era of research on protection and utilization. This paper used literature analysis and retrieved the literature on traditional village cultural ecology research from CNKI and web of science databases. Taken into consideration of the system and practice of the national cultural ecological protection area, this paper comprehensively elaborates the concept of traditional village cultural ecology from the perspective of culture and ecosystem. It further explores the meaning of cultural ecological adaptability of traditional villages, the evolution process of cultural ecological system, cultural ecological balance regulation, and cultural ecological adaptability management. Based on this, the idea of refining the cultural characteristics and cultural core of traditional villages was proposed. The method of evaluating the ecological adaptability of traditional village culture, and the mode of optimizing the regional systematic protection and utilization of traditional village cultural ecology were suggested. The findings offer implications for systematically solving the problem of cultural ecological imbalance in traditional villages, encouraging local research of cultural ecology in the protection and utilization of traditional villages in China, and promoting China's rural revitalization.

As an important carrier to promote tourism transformation and high-quality development, ecotourism plays a unique role in the key ecological civilization projects such as the construction of natural reserves system, the spatial protection and utilization of national land, and the Beautiful China. In this paper, an in-depth analysis of the ecotourism development research was conducted and the key areas of ecotourism development research in China was discussed in the context of moving towards sustainable development. Analysis shows that ecotourism plays a role in promoting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) from multi-dimensions. Mass ecotourism is strongly applicable in the discourse system of China including modern management system, technical norms, and ecological civilization. Contemporary China's ecological tourism development is completely different from the one in foreign countries during the past post-industrial time. Both facing climate change and human activities, green low carbon and the macro background of production mode transformation, and the space development and utilization, natural protected area system construction, high quality tourism development and regional industrial structure adjustment is closely related to national strategy, such as a series of external environment and the associated elements to seek the new development of ecological tourism development path. Natural ecology, geographical features, carrying capacity, and economic development outline the contemporary China's ecological tourism development. The future studies need to build to form an integrated system that treats the resources and environment capacity as the bottom line, follows the rules of the ecological recreation opportunity spectrum and the matching of time and space, utilize space governance and modern management as improvement strategies, and takes "highly restricted, low loss" policy and technical standards into consideration. By adopting the above system, the goals of ecological environment protection and sustainable economic and social development can be achieved.

Ecotourism is an important branch of tourism research. Under the influence and cultivation of the concept of sustainable development and the practice of ecological civilization construction, China has made considerable progress in the theoretical research and practice of ecotourism in the past 30 years. Chinese Core Journals of the CNKI database and CSSCI source journals were selected in this study. The literature received high attention, keywords, authors, and journals characteristics were analyzed. Using CiteSpace knowledge mapping analysis and considering the development of ecotourism practice, ecotourism research in China was divided into three stages in this study. The exploring stage mainly focuses on the understanding of concepts and principle of ecotourism. The development stage mainly includes the nature protected area, ecotourism development, and ecological development. The deepening stage includes more topics and involves more national strategies such as rural vitalization and ecological civilization. Finally, the paper forecasts the future trend of China's ecotourism research from seven aspects: the basic theory and research framework; the health value and knowledge of ecotourism destination; systemic research for typical regions, such as Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and protected areas; ecotourist behaviour and market cultivation; environmental, social, and economic impacts by ecotourism and their evolution rules; integration between ecotourism and local culture; management technique and community participation.

Ecotourism plays an important role in promoting the protection and utilization of ecological resources in natural preserves in a scientific way and coordinating the sustainable development of man-land relationship in natural preserves. In the context of the new natural preserve system development in China, the utilization of natural preserves also needs to be creative and optimized. By reviewing the 546 papers of ecotourism in natural preserves published on Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) since 1996 and using CiteSpace as a visualization tool, this paper presented the research stages and their characteristics, research hotspots, and main contents. This paper also detailed the domestic research from five aspects: connotation and principles, planning and design, functional zoning, operation and management, and community participation. Moreover, this paper provided a summarize on the scale, method, and content of the research, and discussed how to promote the research of natural preserve utilization in China.

Low-carbon tourism is a frontier and key field of tourism research in the context of climate change. This study analyzed the literature related to low-carbon tourism both in China and broad from Web of Science, CSSCI and CSCD databases by visualizing the data using CiteSpace, Alluvial Generator, and Excel. With Alluvial Generator, shock flow diagrams for co-cited networks were generated. Results show that: low-carbon tourism research abroad started earlier from the perspective of two-way interaction between external system and tourism industry. The goal of low-carbon tourism research abroad is to achive carbon neutrality. The research is based on ecological environment and engineering technology and have formed fixed regional cooperation networks. All key studies focus on the measurement of cabon emission using quantitative research. They have formed a relatively complete carbon reduction system. Recent low-carbon tourism research stage in China coincides with the period of rapid development abroad. Low-carbon tourism research in China is attached to the disciplines of tourism and economic management with no cooperative networks. In China, the research is carried out from the single perspective of sustainable development of the tourism industry, with not yet a complete system. Research in China is superior to foreign countries in the qualitative research such as concept and theory, in which key literatures lie in basic concepts, theories, carbon emission measurement, and analysis of influencing factors.