Ecological experience activities are an important practical pathway for ecological conservation and sustainable development in national parks, and their impact assessment provides significant guidance for optimizing management strategies. This study takes the Yellow River Source Area of Sanjiangyuan National Park as a case study, constructing an impact assessment system for ecological experience activities based on the "Pressure-State-Response (PSR)" model and the DEMATEL analysis method, revealing the multi-dimensional mechanisms of ecological experience activities on ecosystem health. The research findings are as follows: (1) the ecosystem health of Yellow River Source Area is in an alert state, characterized by "low pressure, medium state, and high response". (2) In the pressure dimension, eco-experience activities have less impact on ecosystem health, and eco-experience facilities are the main source of pressure; in the state dimension, the ecological service capacity and ecological resilience of the Yellow River Source Park are weak, and the impact of eco-experience activity brands is more significant; in the response dimension, the economic benefits are the most prominent, followed by the public response. (3)The analysis of influencing factors shows that ecological rangers, the increase in herders’income, and the improvement of residents’ quality of life are the key factors for the ecosystem health of the Yellow River Source Park; necessary reception facilities, ecological vitality,ecological service capacity and other factors play an important supporting role in the stability of the ecosystem.Finally, this study proposes the construction of a collaborative governance system of "pressure regulation, state optimization, and response enhancement", providing practical pathways for optimizing the management of ecological experience activities in national parks.

A favorable ecological environment is the most inclusive well-being of people’s livelihood, and the quality of the ecological environment has become an important parameter affecting the national happiness index. Based on the theory of environmental fit, this study takes the Qilian Mountain National Park (Qinghai region) as the case study area, and used structural equation modelling to explore the impact of tourists’ environmental fit on subjective well-being. The findings are as follows: (1) the total effect of tourists’ environmental fit on subjective well-being is significant, among which environmental resources and environmental functions constitute the core driving factors; (2) Tourists’ environmental fit has a significant positive effect on subjective well-being, place attachment, and natural empathy, especially on positive emotions in tourists’ well-being; (3) Tourists’ environmental fit indirectly affects their well-beling through place attachment and natural empathy, and the indirect effect of place attachment is greater than that of natural empathy, which further emphasizes the importance of emotional factors in tourists’ well-being. The study suggests that managers of ecotourism destinations should rely on their ecological advantages that promote human-land interaction, actively promote the transformation of ecological value into public welfare, and thereby facilitate the ecological protection and sustainable development of the destinations.

Outdoor cycling has emerged as one of the typical ecotourism activities in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. For Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which has abundant natural resources but relatively underdeveloped economy, the development of outdoor leisure industries such as cycling can help promote local economic income, drive infrastructure construction such as roads along the route, and promote rural revitalization and employment for the people. Studying the spatiotemporal behavioral characteristics of cycling activities in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region is of great significance for understanding the relationship between tourism activities and the resources and environment of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and supporting the construction of world-class tourism destinations. Based on the cycling trajectory data from 2013 to 2023 in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region, this article elucidates the spatiotemporal behavioral patterns of cycling activities in this region by using trajectory mining and text theme mining techniques. The findings reveal that: (1) cycling activities in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region exhibit an uneven spatial distribution and significant seasonal concentration. (2) Cycling activities are categorized into four spatial and temporal behavior patterns: single line centralized cycling pattern, single line dispersed cycling pattern, cycling pattern with single center encircled by destinations and cycling pattern with multiple centers encircled by destinations, primarily dependent on five key channel routes: Luding-Kangding-Xinduqiao-Litang, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture-Chayu-Bomi-Linzhi, Yingxiu-Wolong-Siguniangshan-Xiaojin, Xining-Qinghai Lake-Chaka Town, Lhasa-Dangxiong-Namtso-Qushui-Langkazi-Yangzhuoyongcuo-Pumoyongcuo-Shigatse. (3) The formation of cycling behavior patterns depends on the distribution of core roads, tourism attractions and regional urban distribution centers. The spatiotemporal characteristics of cycling behavior revealed in this study can deepen the understanding of the relationship between tourism activity and environmental resources, provide decision-making basis for promoting the sustainable development of ecotourism and outdoor sports industry in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Evaluation of ecotourism suitability is the key to clarify the relationship between ecosystem protection and recreational use, but the traditional evaluation methods generally suffer from the problems of indicator weighting subjectivity and computational complexity, so that the evaluation results need to be improved in terms of objectivity and accuracy. The study introduced the AutoGluon model based on the reference of previous methods, to achieve high-precision classification of large-scale samples through automated small-scale sample processing training learning, and to empirically analyse the ecotourism suitability based on multi-source geospatial data with Qinghai Province as the case. The research found that: (1) the overall ecotourism suitability of Qinghai Province is relatively low, the high and low ecotourism suitability areas are basically equal in size, with the low suitability areas accounting for a relatively large proportion. (2) The spatial heterogeneity is obvious, the overall spatial distribution pattern of "high in the east and low in the west, high in the north and low in the south", as well as the spatial change pattern of decreasing gradient from the northeast to the southwest. Besides the Sanjiangyuan ecological region, which is dominated by the agglomeration of low ecotourism suitability areas, the three ecological regions of Huangshang Valley, Qinghai Lake, and Qaidam Basin show characteristics of the agglomeration of high ecotourism suitability areas. (3) The intrinsic endowment factors such as landscape recreation value and ecotourism resource density are the main factors affecting the ecotourism suitability in Qinghai Province, while the external factors such as elevation, slope, and the strength of capital investment also affect the ecotourism suitability. The study introduces the AutoGluon algorithm for ecotourism suitability evaluation to provid technical references for regional territorial spatial planning and ecotourism resource integration, and the research results can provide a basis for decision-making for scientific planning and and sustainable development of ecotourism on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

"Sacred Natural Sites (SNS)" are defined as a special type of protected area and an important culturally representative area on the Qinghai-Tebit Plateau, and its ecotourism development needs to be more prudent. Taking the Yellow River Source Park of the Three-River-Source National Park as an example, based on the individual perspective of herders and through grounded theory method, this article explores the influencing factors of "Sacred Natural Sites" culture on community participation in ecotourism development. The results show that: (1) under the current ecotourism development model in the Yellow River Source Park, herders failed to receive expected economic returns and improve their livelihood capabilities, resulting in "participation frustration"; (2) uncivilized behavior by some tourists and inadequate management have exacerbated conflicts between communities and visitors, causing herders to develop the "participation rejection" towards ecotourism activities; (3) herders respect for culture is greater than economic benefits and are satisfied with their current living conditions, leading to "participation hesitation" towards ecotourism development; (4) herders love their homeland and demonstrate "participation aspiration", with the hope to achieve the protection of the SNS and cultural heritage through ecotourism. The article suggests that future efforts should focus on optimizing the benefit distribution mechanism of ecotourism, guiding tourists to respect the culture of the SNS, supervising the protection and utilization of cultural resources by external enterprises strictly, strengthening community participation confidence, promoting the synergy between cultural heritage preservation and ecological conservation, and promoting the sustainable development of ecotourism in the Qinghai-Tebit Plateau region.

With the rapid development of tourism, the influx of tourists has significantly exacerbated the uncertainty and vulnerability of regional food supply systems. This study takes Lhasa as a case to analyze the operational characteristics, driving factors, and optimization strategies of food supply systems in plateau tourist destinations. By integrating grounded theory and stakeholder theory, the study provides a detailed exploration of the roles and interactions among multiple stakeholders, including agricultural producers, food processors, distributors, retailers, and consumers with the aim of revealing the operational characteristics of the food supply system in plateau tourism destinations. The findings reveal that: (1) geographical conditions, climatic constraints, and the seasonality of tourism significantly affect the stability and resilience of food supply systems in plateau regions. (2) The primary challenges include supply-demand imbalances, logistical bottlenecks, and pressures from ecological conservation. (3) To optimize the system, three strategies are proposed: enhancing stakeholder collaboration to improve supply coordination and food system stability through information sharing and policy support; enhancing system resilience by establishing cold chain logistics and emergency mechanisms; and promoting sustainable development by increasing diversity, promoting green agricultural technologies, reducing supply chain waste, and developing distinctive green food products to enhance the diversity of food supply. This study provides an analytical framework and decision-making support for resource optimization and sustainable development in plateau tourism destinations.