In the context of green transformation and “co-construction and sharing”, clarifying the coupling effect and coordination mechanism of ecotourism and common prosperity is not only a crucial issue for ecotourism to align with the rural revitalization strategy and advance urban-rural common prosperity but also an inherent requirement for promoting high-quality development of ecotourism. Taking Fujian Province as a case study, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for ecotourism and common prosperity, and adopts the Improved Analytic Hierarchy Process (IAHP) - entropy weight method - coupling coordination - grey correlation model in order to analyze the coupling coordination effect of ecotourism and common prosperity in Fujian Province from 2010 to 2019. The results show that: (1) during the research period, the degree of coupling between ecotourism and common prosperity in Fujian Province has continuously advanced from a relatively low-level coupling state to a higher-level one, with the degree of coupling coordination going through four stages, namely moderate imbalance with double-low indices, gradual growth with relatively low indices, primary-medium coordination with moderate indices and sound coordination with a priority on common prosperity. (2) Factors such as per capita local general public budget revenue, the participation rate of basic endowment insurance, the ratio of per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents, the urbanization rate, the density of the highway network, the forest coverage rate, and the number of ecological tourism demonstration zones at or above the provincial-level play a leading role in the coupled and coordinated development of ecotourism and common prosperity in Fujian Province. (3) Developing ecotourism is an effective means to promote urban-rural common prosperity, and achieving common prosperity provides a power source for ecotourism. Ecotourism is a common form for realizing the value of ecological products, while common prosperity is the outcome of such value realization. (4) Innovating the mechanism for developing financial resources,making up for the shortcomings of rural public services, enhancing the appeal of “lucid waters and lush mountains”, and promoting the value realization of ecological products are effective ways to improve the level of coupled and coordinated development between ecotourism and common prosperity. The research findings of this paper hold both theoretical and practical significance for better enhancing the income-increasing and poverty-alleviating effects of ecotourism and making solid progress toward common prosperity.

In the digital era, the co-evolution of multiple systems has become critical for regional. Based on the complex system theory and synergy theory this paper takes 14 cities in Guangxi as a case study, and comprehensively applies kernel density estimation, the improved coupling coordination degree model, and the Panel vector autoregression (PVAR) model to depict the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the digital economy, the cultural and tourism industry, and ecological civilization, as well as to reveal the coupling coordination and dynamic interaction mechanism among them. The results show that: (1) the three systems exhibit an overall upward development trend, yet with significant internal disparities, presenting a spatial pattern of “higher development level in the north and south regions and lower level in the east and west regions”. (2) The coupling coordination level has transitioned from severe imbalance towards weak coordination, but remains at a low level overall. Most cities are still in a state of imbalance, revealing disequilibrium in regional synergy. This characteristic is primarily influenced by the interplay of multiple factors, including population quality and economic development. (3) The system interaction demonstrates a complex mechanism coexisting with both synergy and trade-offs. A virtuous cycle of continuous mutual benefit has been formed between the cultural and tourism industry and ecological civilization. While driving the development of cultural and tourism sector, the digital economy shows a certain inhibitory effect on the ecological conservation in the short term. This reflects current structural challenges in the digital transformation process, such as insufficient internalization of ecological costs and the absence of well-established long-term synergy mechanisms. Following the analytical logic of “characteristics - causes - mechanisms”, this study uncovers the structural and institutional causes underlying the synergistic evolution of multiple systems, which provides a theoretical reference for understanding the coordinated evolution of diverse complex systems and offers empirical evidence for regional sustainable development and policy collaborative governance.

As an important component of modern service sector, the exhibition industry plays a significant role in promoting economic growth and upgrading the tourism sector. Using the data of 4 865 exhibition enterprises located within Beijing’s Sixth Ring Road from 2000 to 2023, this study applies geospatial analytical techniques, the $Getis-Ord\mathrm{ }{G}_{i}^{\mathrm{*}}$ statistic, and the geographical detector model to examine the spatial distribution patterns of exhibition enterprises and their influencing factors. The results indicate that: (1) during the study period, exhibition enterprises in Beijing exhibit a pronounced spatial agglomeration, following a typical evolutionary trajectory from “single-center agglomeration” to “multi-center diffusion,” and subsequently to “localized re-agglomeration,” resulting in a “core-periphery” coordinated structure characterized by a “multi-core + dispersed” pattern. (2) The spatial evolution of exhibition enterprises is closely associated with the distribution of major functional nodes, such as Olympic venues and the Beijing sub-center, as well as the implementation of strategic policies including the “relocation of non-capital functions,” reflecting strong path dependence and policy-driven dynamics. (3) Living services and transportation services are the direct core factors shaping the spatial distribution of exhibition enterprises, with their interaction producing a nonlinear enhancement effect, whereas economic foundations and production services act as indirect factors by exerting influence through interaction with other factors. From the perspective of spatial governance, this study enriches the theoretical understanding of service-sector agglomeration in mega-cities and provides a scientific basis for optimizing the spatial layout of the exhibition industry. Future efforts should focus on strengthening policy guidance, improving foundational support systems, and innovating coordination mechanisms to further optimize the spatial structure of exhibition enterprises, achieve deep structural integration between the exhibition industry and urban development, as well as synergistic enhancement in operational efficiency.