Heritagization is an important cultural process and means of generating, constructing and deconstructing heritage identity. Elucidating its influence mechanismon the heritage identity of residents of different generations is conducive to realize the intergenerational inheritance of cultural heritage. Based on the theory of heritage identity, this paper aims to analyze the influence of heritagization on the heritage identity of residents from different generations in the Hani Terraces heritage site in Yuanyang through field research and qualitative text analysis. The results show that: (1) Heritagization affects residents’ heritage identity of different generations, including value identity, subject identity and space identity. (2) In terms of value identity, heritagization positively affects the identity of aesthetic, scientific and socio-economic values of heritage among different residents, but it has a more significant impact on identity of scientific and socio-economic values of terraces landscape among older generations. (3) In terms of subjective identity, there is no difference in the impact of heritagization on the subjective identity and self-identity of community residents of different generations. (4) In terms of space identity, heritagization significantly enhances the local identity of heritage among different generations of community residents, but has no significant impacts on the national scale identity of the heritage. In view of this, the active cultivation of heritage identity among community residents should not only disseminate the holistic heritage values, but also build an inclusive heritage identity system covering multiple subjects and spatial scales.

Ancient roads are important linear tourist destinations and typical cultural memory space. It is of great significance to clarify the process and internal mechanism of tourists’ cultural memory perception of the ancient road for promoting the deep integration of culture and tourism and revitalizing the ancient road tourism destinations. Based on the theory of cultural memory and from the perspective of tourists, this article explores the dimensions, characteristics, and paths of cultural memory perception in ancient tourist destinations along the Hui-Hang Ancient Road. The study concludes that: (1) the cultural memory perception of Hui-Hang Ancient Road consists of five parts, namely, time dimension, space dimension, cultural dimension, emotional dimension and body dimension, among which the body dimension is a necessary component of memory perception, and the body, emotion and cultural memory are inextricably linked to each other, and there exists a “body and emotion-cultural memory” transformation mechanism. (2) The cultural memory perception of Hui-Hang Ancient Road is characterized by significant spatial and temporal differences, body and emotion interaction, and cultural coupling. (3) The cultural perception path of Hui-Hang Ancient Road includes text system, intention system and ritual system, and the tourists form a multi-dimensional and circular cultural memory perception path under the stimulation of these three types of systems.

“Food” is one of the special types of attraction at tourist destinations and an essential part of tourist reception service. In this study, 169 representative national-level intangible cultural heritage items of food were used as data sources, and geospatial analysis method was applied to analyze their spatial characteristics and influencing factors. The study shows that: (1) the national-level intangible cultural heritage items of food show a spatial pattern of “clustering”, and the spatial pattern was “more in the south and less in the north, more in the east and less in the west”, with a high degree of clustering in Beijing, Sichuan, Shanxi and Zhejiang. (2) There are significant differences in the distribution of national-level intangible cultural heritage items of food. Tea is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui regions. Wine is mainly distributed in Sichuan-Guizhou region, Beijing-Hebei region and Jiangsu-Zhejiang region. Flour and pasta are clustered in Zhejiang and Guangxi-Guangdong region, and in the belt of Eastern Gansu, Southern Ningxia, Shaanxi and Shanxi, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Sichuan-Chongqing-Guizhou region and Eastern Shanxi region are the main distribution areas of sauces and spices. Dishes are mainly distributed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Dessert and snacks are concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, the north of Beijing-Hebei, southwest of Guangdong and other regions. (3) Natural geographical environment factors indirectly affect the formation of national-level intangible cultural heritage items of food by affecting the natural distribution of crops, national intangible cultural heritage inheritors; tourism development and cultural financial support are the main human geographical environment factors affecting the spatial differentiation of national intangible cultural heritage items of food; and historical and cultural factors provide a good cultural ecosystem for the inheritance and agglomeration of intangible cultural heritage. The study contributes theoretically to the protection and inheritance of national-level intangible cultural heritage items of food and the deep integration and development of culture and tourism.

The enhancement of household human capital has driven diversified needs in consumers’ travel experiences. This paper delves into the impact of household human capital on the consumption of intangible cultural heritage tourism and examines the variability of this influence at different stages of family life cycle. The research indicates that: (1) the enhancement of household human capital, encompassing the educational levels, health status, and financial income of family members, has a significant and positive affect on the consumption of intangible cultural heritage tourism. (2) Family life cycle serves as a crucial moderator in how household human capital impacts intangible cultural heritage tourism consumption. Particularly in families at the full nest II stage, the positive influence of household human capital on such tourism consumption is markedly more pronounced compared to families in the nesting and empty nest stages, where the impact is less significant. (3) Preferences for intangible cultural heritage tourism models also differ among members of families in various life cycle stages. For instance, families in the nesting stage show a greater preference for homestay and cultural creative tourism projects, families in the full nest stage lean towards educational tours and cultural creative projects, and families in the empty nest stage have a stronger inclination towards festivals and cultural creative experiences. Accordingly, it is suggested that the promotion and development of intangible cultural heritage tourism should concentrate on families with higher levels of human capital and tailor suitable intangible cultural heritage tourism projects for families in different life cycle stages. This paper not only contributes to the existing body of research on factors influencing family tourism consumption but also offers theoretical foundation and practical direction for the establishment of market strategies and innovation in intangible cultural heritage tourism products.

World heritage sites are important windows for cultural communication. The investigation of world heritage destinations’ image perception by international tourists helps to realize the cross-cultural exchange function of tourism and the international development of the destination. Using the world heritage site Suzhou Garden as a case, we investigate the image perception process of international tourists towards the Suzhou Garden applying the multiple granularity methods from the perspectives of theme words, semantic networks and sentence sentiments by analyzing the review data from TripAdvisor website. The results show that: (1) International tourists perceive the world cultural heritage in terms of overall image, semantic network image and emotional image dimensions, and the cross-cultural communication of the heritage scenery is reached: dominated by positive emotions, the perception expressed international tourists’ love and satisfaction with the Suzhou Garden. (2) International tourists mainly focus on the landscape, experience, spatial symbols and services of the world cultural heritage, and there are differences in the level of attention, showing the characteristics of experience> landscape>services>spatial symbols. (3) Differences in the core attractions can lead to differences in the cognitive networks of the world cultural heritage constructed by international visitors.

Tourism is an important carrier of culture and tourists are the main body of culture dissemination. Based on Appraisal theory of Emotion and Social Identity theory, this paper constructs a theoretical model in which the relationship between Maritime Silk Road cultural tourism experiential value and tourists’ cultural dissemination behavior are mediated by national pride and cultural identity. Research results show that the functional value and symbolic value of tourism experience influence tourists’ cultural dissemination behavior through national pride and cultural identity. The collective identity cognition that tourists gained in the tourism experience induced national pride, which assists the establishment of emotional connections between the maritime cultural symbols and the national collective memory, thus formed the culture identity. Driven by national pride and cultural identity, tourists converted the high emotional energy into cultural dissemination behaviors. The more national pride and cultural identity tourists experience, the more likely they are to disseminate culture, and the cultural dissemination behavior in turn strengthens their group identity. Therefore, by enhancing the elements and highlighting the achievements of the Maritime Silk Road culture, the destinations will achieve the goals of the improvement of tourists’ experiential value, the enhancement of their national pride and cultural identity, as well as the promotion of the cultural dissemination behavior.